I suggest that the conflicts in the Middle East are, at their very core, psychological. That is, people's emotions and beliefs drive their actions.
On the one hand, when people feel humiliated, despairing, inferior, fearful, distrusting, hopeless, powerless and helpless, they are much more likely to adopt extremist religious beliefs and act hostly against those perceived to be the cause of their bleak situation.
Feelings of dignity, compassion, trust, hope and gratitude, on the other hand, breed fondness and support for those perceived to be their benefactors (helpers, good Samaritans); it is a path to winning people’s hearts and minds. And it is essential that we win the hearts of minds of the Muslim world.
Why? Consider the discussion on the Bill Moyers Journal last night [here's the transcript]. Mr. Moyers interviewed an acclaimed expert on the Middle East and an officer at the U.S. Military Academy whose mission is to train young officers who may find themselves up against those Muslim militants. They discussed the war in Iraq. Following are a few quotes:
“…Ultimately what this is -- is a fight for hearts and minds around the Middle East. And that's a cliche but it's true…[we] can't win that fight with an M-4.
If our reading of the situation is correct and you talk to any American intelligence-- officials in Washington, they would tell you, yes, we are losing the war for the hearts and minds of Muslims … this particular war has to be war in terms of hearts and minds, we are losing this particular war”
… this is a war for hearts and minds. It's not a shooting war
…all the polls, all surveys show that Muslims believe that the United States is not [in Iraq] to promote democracy…but rather to subjugate Arabs and Muslims."
Winning the hearts and minds of the Muslim world, therefore, is essential to fighting terrorism. So, shouldn’t this be what we focus on? If so, then how can it be accomplished. Certainly not with guns and the perception that we are trying to control Arabs and Muslims for our own selfish gains!
A wise man once told me: “The way to deal effectively with a difficult situation is to find a positive model that works and replicate it." OK, where can such a model be found?
Interestingly, two organizations are winning the hearts and minds of many Arabs and Muslims. Unfortunately, these groups also breed violence. They are Hezbollah and Hamas. Is it their aggression that wins hearts and minds, or is it something else? I would argue that it is not the violent actions of these militant groups that appeal to most Arabs and Muslims. Instead, it is the humanitarian aid they give.
Humanitarianism is a "concern for human welfare, especially as manifested through philanthropy; the belief that the sole moral obligation of humankind is the improvement of human welfare" [The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Third Edition].
Here's why I say humanitarian aid is the greatest driving force of support for Hezbollah and Hamas:
Even before the fighting, Hezbollah, like Hamas in Gaza, had created an infrastructure to deliver social services and humanitarian aid to local citizens, many of whom are strapped for cash or living in poverty. Ill-equipped to endure ‘everyday crises’ such as illness or the death of a loved one, the humanitarian offices of these two militia groups have won hearts and minds through civic engagement. [reference]
According to Wikipedia [see Hezbollah and Hamas]:
Hezbollah not only has armed and political wings - it also boasts an extensive social development programme. Hezbollah currently operates at least four hospitals, 12 clinics, 12 schools and two agricultural centres that provide farmers with technical assistance and training. It also has an environmental department and an extensive social assistance programme. Medical care is also cheaper than in most of the country's private hospitals and free for Hezbollah members. Also Hezbollah's social service agencies provide health care and schooling for poor farmers…Hezbollah did everything that a government should do, from collecting the garbage to running hospitals and repairing schools.
Since its formation in 1987, Hamas has conducted numerous social, political, and military actions. Its popularity stems in part from its welfare and social services to Palestinians in the occupied territories, including school and hospital construction. The group devotes much of its estimated $70 million annual budget to an extensive social services network, running many relief and education programs, and funds schools, orphanages, mosques, healthcare clinics, soup kitchens, and sports leagues. …approximately 90 percent of the organization's work is in social, welfare, cultural, and educational activities. …Hamas has significantly increased literacy in areas where it is active. Hamas also funds a number of other charitable activities, primarily in the Gaza Strip. These include religious institutions, medical facilities, and social needs of the area's residents. …Hamas is also well regarded by Palestinians for its efficiency and perceived lack of corruption compared to Fatah.
While I in no way endorse the violent actions of Hezbollah and Hamas, it seems clear that the way to win hearts and minds of the Muslim world is by emulating their positive humanitarian deeds, out of a sincere desire to help people, no strings attached. And, it is critical that we do it in an open, honest, and truly compassionate way. All the evidence points to one conclusion: Regardless of anything else we do, failure to win their hearts and minds will result in growing terrorism for many many years!
Unfortunately, this won’t be easy because many U.S. foreign (and domestic) policies have been and continue to be very far from virtuous, and the world knows this. Even many Americans do not trust our own country.
Bottom line: Based on all this, it seems to me that the only way to defeat terrorism is by having our country become a role model of virtuous compassion around the world. That means transforming the image others have of our society as being driven by greed, self-centeredness, uncaringness, manipulation, deception, threat, negative power and control, etc. The world must begin to believe in us and trust that we have the best interest of all peoples at heart. All our foreign policies must reflect this notion of the U.S. as a truly virtuous nation.
====
UPDATE: 8/27/07
As discussed in a summary post [here's the link], we’ve been examining the following three issues related to this topic.
Issue 1) WHY BOTHER? Do they want us to, or will they allow us to, win their hearts and minds? Does their lack of separation of church and state mean that they will only focus on trying to destroy us? If so, then we’re wasting our time trying to win their hearts and minds.
Conclusion: Despite the challenges, trying to win their hearts and minds of the Muslim/Arab world is worth the effort.
Issue 2) WHY DO THEY HATE US? Americans aren’t bad people. We help others in need. So, why do they hate us?
Conclusion: While not every Muslim/Arab hates us, we have to deal more effectively with those who do, and that requires we understand why America is disliked by many, which is difficult for us to do. But several themes seem to pop out:
• They may perceive our government’s policies are exacerbating their feelings of humiliation and hopelessness. This may be because they see our government as: preoccupied with gaining wealth and possessions; arrogantly proclaiming its superiority and claiming Americans are more deserving of the good life than they; playing favorites with Israel while derogating the Palestinians; by making deals with brutal dictators when in benefits us economically; and, rather than truly caring what happened in the rest of the world, they may be perceiving our government as an intimidator and manipulator who uses its power and influence to take from them what its want (oil) with little interest in the plight of their peoples. We are not seen as either honorable or consistent in our policies.
• They may perceive Western society as disparaging their beliefs, culture and religious morals through prejudicial remarks made against them, and through our perceived obsession with sex, violence, all forms of debauchery and crime as depicted via American movies and TV. While such perceptions are likely to give religious extremists reason to dislike our ways, it is doubtful, however, that this alone would be the basis of anyone’s hatred.
Issue 3) WHAT DO WE HAVE TO DO? What must we do to win their hearts and minds. Are we supposed to be the world’s police, or what?
Conclusion: What we have to do to start winning hearts and minds is to— with patience, discretion, humility, non-blaming and honesty—establish and implement a cogent grand strategy detailing what our country should be and do in the world. We can learn from Kennan’s strategies of the past. This strategy should take into account what we learn when we put ourselves in their shoes and ask how they perceive us and why. It also requires that take into account what we learn when we “look in the mirror” to answer thorny questions about our country/culture/society’s virtues and values. Aspects of our nation that contribute to our negative image ought to be examined critically and changed accordingly, which may very require some sacrifices and attitude changes on our part. We can then promote our image of a virtuous society that truly cares about the welfare of others by presenting an honest alternate view about Americans and America (e.g., with the assistance of Spielberg and Ron Howard).
As our discussions evolve, I will post additional updates here as appropriate.
Steve Beller, PhD
ah gee, we arent winning the hearts and minds of the muslims. how about they try to win our hearts and minds especially after 9/11.
they dont want us to win their hearts and minds they want to kill us.
Excellent question: What has to happen for the Muslim world to try to win our hearts and minds? I'll take a crack at an answer.
To me, the phrase "winning hearts and minds" means gaining respect and admiration for what one does, appreciating what one says, etc. It means feeling fondly for those who care about us, accept us, treat us as equals, help us in time of need, etc.
Assuming this definition is correct, I would think the Muslim world would try to win our hearth and minds if they admired what we do and appreciated what we say. That is, they would be much more likely to care about us if they believe we accepted them and treated them as equals, if we helped them in time of need, etc. And this is more likely to happen if they trusted us by believing we were open and honest in what we say, and if they believed we had their best interest at heart.
So, I suggest we take a critical look at our foreign policies (and domestic policies), as well as our culture, to determine what things make most of the world (not only Muslims and Arabs) distrust our government, big business, military, etc.
We then must take what we learn by looking at ourselves from the viewpoint of other nations and revise those policies for which we're criticized and hated. Or at least we have to do a better job explaining how their perceptions are inaccurate and how our government is really a virtuous institution that truly cares about the plight and needs of all peoples everywhere, especially the impoverished and down-trodden.
Changing people's perception of us in this manner would, I predict, motivate much of the Muslim world (and others) to embrace us fondly and support us in the fight against terrorism, rather than giving the extremists fuel to denigrate and hate use, and to have an easy time enlisting disenfranchised youth to want to kill us.
Steve Beller, PhD
Ensure Muslims we are for Muslims, and not Imlamofacists
i don't really understand the radical muslims...& sacrificing innoncents.
i'm guessing being a "martyr"......is the ultimate expression of one's faith.
some muslims have lived in a brutal world...for many years, death & dying is ubiquitous.
i'm thinking..........
it seems the "separation of church & state" in the muslim world is a hugh issue yet to be resolved, if ever........much of the blame (i'm thinking) belongs on muslim governing bodies and their invocation of "god" over the more mundane issues of co-existence & "secular" laws of the land.......similar to the current trend of our politicians invocation of "god" & whatever that might bring to bear.
the "silent majority" of the muslim community doesn't seem to be demonstrating their objections to the radical muslims.
similar to the usa's "silent majority" indifference to the significance of special interest groups...& K-street.
As was stated by someone else on Unity08, Muslims place loyalty to country at such a distant second to religous loyalty that I don't think we can ever expect this issue to be resolved. Their religous leaders enjoy such a level of control, even over the political "puppet" leaders, that we cannot hope to compete by political posturing. This will only be seen as, or at least interpreted to the masses as, a direct attack on their religion and further reason to hate and kill.
It seems to me that religious extremism in the Muslim world reflects key aspects of extremism in other religions. That is, people with extreme religious beliefs have more problems in everyday life than those with moderate (or no) religious beliefs. As I wrote in a post below, I contend that people are driven to religious fanaticism (and to the violence that such extreme views often promote) because they feel humiliated, hopeless, threatened, rejected, etc. They see a bleak future with few good opportunities and long for a sense of purpose and self worth. Those who accept religious preaching of hate and murder are able to blame a particular culprit for their life condition and believe that punishing the infidels is a virtuous act.
I don’t think it’s reasonable to demand separation of church and state in the Muslim world; after all, we can’t even do it in this country! Instead, we have to make shallow the violent & blaming preachings of radical/extremists leader of all religions against our country by demonstrating that their words are untrue. And that means we have to understand what makes them susceptible to extremist teachings and willing to blame us for their life woes. When then have to use this valuable knowledge to refute all blame by demonstrating a truly virtuous cultural that is based on truth, compassion and humanitarianism. This means having as our primary global focus—not to be the policemen of the world—but to be the country that takes the lead in helping raise the quality of life of all peoples out of a sense of love.
Unfortunately, our country’s focus is totally misaligned with this strategy since more of our history has been focused on fight wars (war on terrorism, war on drugs, etc.), rather than focusing on understanding what makes people think, feel and act the way they do and using this knowledge for mutually beneficial positive change.
Steve Beller, PhD
Excellent post Dr. Beller. I applaud your use and support of reason.
--Think also of the comfort and rights of others
Steve,
The United States is always the first on hand to help with humaitarian aid and clean up after a disaster. We are always first to step up with food and medicine for the poor. We give more as a nation than any other country on earth, and then we step up and give more as individuals, through our private charities, than any other nation on earth. What more do we have to do to prove to the world that we care about people?
maybe not invade a nation under false pretenses. maybe not occupy a country who was no threat to us. maybe not sacrifice our soldiers in the name of b.s.\ and outright falsehoods. that might be a start. maybe go after the real planners of 911 who are not in iraq.
What of those who appreciate our removal of a vile beast who would kill hundreds of thousands for disagreeing with him? And those who thank us for the removal of his beast children who would rape and torture for entertainment? And those who still live with the disfigurement of having had their tongue cut out in public as punishment for speaking out against the vile creatures?
Yes, you are probably right, they probably wish they still lived in fear under this boot of that rotten bastard.
i prefer it to our boys and girls dieing trying to be world police. like hussein was the only evil dictator out there. we have our own problems we need to take care of. do you feel it was more important to go after hussein then to bring to justice those who came on our soil and killed 3000 in the towers?
Our military, like it or not, is the most powerfull force in the world and will be used as a policing force. I don't like it myself, but it is fact. We were and are still in Afganastan bringing the perpetrators of 9/11 to justice. These same pieces of human garbage are the insurgents in Iraq and are the reason that area is still unstable. They are coming in from surrounding muslim countries for fear of there becoming a stable democratically rulled country in their midsts. This would have a very detrimental affect on those who try to keep their citizens poor and obedient through sharia law and stories of the great satan.
You do remember us being attacked. If we were to have allowed Saddam to get nuclear and chemical weapons, knowing that he supported these animals, and one of these weapons were to be used to kill tens of thousands more Americans on our soil, would you be one of the first to scream that Bush and his chronies did nothing to stop it?
Saddam clearly once had chemical weapons (we knew it - he used them against Iran, and against the Kurds). Would he have liked nukes? Sure, but he was far away from getting them. The fact is, the UN controls worked.
you wrote:
"These same pieces of human garbage are the insurgents in Iraq and are the reason that area is still unstable. They are coming in from surrounding muslim countries for fear of there becoming a stable democratically rulled country in their midsts. "
Baloney. I doubt there is an Iraqi that hasn't had someone they know killed as a result of the US invasion. That's supposed to make them like us? Democracy? Give me a break. Sure they got to vote, but who picked the candidates? We did. Are you surprised the Iraqi government officials you see speak English? What a coincidence.
We' went into Iraq for it's oil. All the other reasons are bogus.
US Marine vet Vietnam 4/68 - 8/69 5th District, NJ
Are you having a problem breathing, under that rock you are living under.
You need to try to stop taking the word of folks like Nancy Pelosi and other enemies of this Country and try to learn to think for your self.
I really feel sorry for people who listen to the main stream media and believe what they are hearing.
Nancy Pelosi is the one blocking impeachment of the demonic duo in the White House. She knows AIPAC is the organization who butters her bread and AIPAC wants the Lil Bush and his handler to stay right where they are.
The Revolution in not being televised but it is being youtubed!
Join the Ron Paul Revolution and get a free country!
Debating whether we should have gone to war in Iraq, I suggest, isn't as useful as determining how we can turn the current negative situation into a positive one.
To me, this means figuring out how to turn the hatred many feel toward America into a view that our nation as an honest and virtuous society focused on humanitarian efforts around the world so that all children and future generations will have a better place to live.
This means we must truly understand other peoples by imagining ourselves "in their shoes" living day to day. While imagining ourselves in their situations and with their histories, we must ask ourselves:
● What we would be focusing on (e.g., having clean water to drink and enough food to eat, getting healthcare for our children, getting a job, having safe streets, etc.)
● How we would be feeling (e.g., humiliated, hopeless, angry, afraid)
● What we would thinking/believing (e.g., who we would blame and why, who are the occupiers and liberators, how do the motives and actions of Hamas and Hezbollah compare with the US and UK)
● How we would acting.
With this knowledge, we could figure out how we can help improve relations with other nations and cultures, and win the hearts and minds of those who are against us. Executing such a strategy would be the most productive thing we could do: Turn negatives into positives.
Steve Beller, PhD
I'm on the run here in Iowa the last few days betwen family events here but just wanted to acknowledge and respond fast to your good post.
I think the key is focusing BOTH on our true and vital national interests andd trying best we can the various and diverse peoples of the Muslim and non-Muslim third world the carious national, sectarian and tribal interests. Theirs are as diverse as our in the west and we fail when we lumpify all into one neat basket as they in the Muslim world(esp the salafi/jihad/hirabists do)lumpify us.
We did the same dunderhead thing early on in the Cold War as we lumped all nvarious nationalisms and socialist/communits movements into the Commununist monolith and 20 years late we started to realize that it was not a monolith at all but rather diverse and adjusted our policies according and quite well. China, Yugoslavia and othee movements were this strategically approached in a manner that eventuated in the Soviet demise and relegated a virulent insurgent Communism for all intents and purpose into the dustbin of history.
By the same token we need to learn the varied subtlties in the Arab and Muslim (i.e. Sunni-Shiite divide etc)worlds esp as we adjust our strategy to contain the extremists insurgent jihadi/salafi forces that are in reality a small minority in the Muslim World. and it is not so much really IMHO about religion as nuch as it is about power - some people have it other people want it and people do feel besooten on as did Germany after WWI and Japan right before WWII. That does not excuse the extremist actions as to me anyone who deliberately and maliciously targets innocents should be toast.
But we need to have some discretion and humility and a decent coherent informed strategy as we cope with/contain the the jihadi extremists. above all what we need to give is is patience and time and coherency - something America is not wont to do. As in Iraq (and beyond as well in these far ramparts) above all give them time. Let them be Iraqis. The ways peoples advance in dignity and enlightenment in government and society is the are the things that are deepest and most meaningful for their national identities. they have their warts for sure and will continue to have in the future. We certainly had our fair share as we extended America from sea to shining sea. We still have many to work out.
So above all patience time and a cogent and coherent well-informed policy that is base solidly on our interests, our values as a nation, and synching what we OUGHT to do in the world with what we CAN do in the world. Remember Rory Stewart's quote I keep bringing up ad nauseum - "We have no moral obligation to do what we cannot do." But patience and understanding and a good solid Grand Strategy is something we can do. We did just look back 60 years and reread George Kennan folks. Pretty good template we can repurpose for the next go around.
To me it is not so much
DC - 3rd ward - milligansstew08@yahoo.com
http://milligansstew.blogspot.com
Your points appear sound and insightful, John.
I hope we can continue this discussion by focusing on the following:
You wrote: “So above all patience, time and a cogent and coherent well-informed policy that is base solidly on our interests, our values as a nation, and synching what we OUGHT to do in the world with what we CAN do in the world …[and do it with] discretion and humility …
This quote illuminates many important questions we should be answering, including:
• What are and what ought to be our true values as a nation?
• What are and what ought to be our national interests in the world?
• What can we do and what ought we be doing in the world?
• Do our policies reflect discretion and humility?
• How should we be reflecting discretion and humility in our policies?
You wrote: “…give them time. Let them be Iraqis. The ways peoples advance in dignity and enlightenment in government and society are the things that are deepest and most meaningful for their national identities.”
Questions regarding this quote include:
• What things are the deepest and most meaningful for Iraqi’s national identities?
• In addition to patience and giving them time, what can we be doing to foster such things?
You wrote: “I think the key is focusing BOTH on our true and vital national interests and trying best we can [to understand] the various and diverse peoples of the Muslim and non-Muslim third world [and their] various national, sectarian and tribal interests. Theirs are as diverse as our in the west and we fail when we lumpify all into one neat basket as they in the Muslim world (esp the salafi/jihad/hirabists do) lumpify us.”
Questions about this quote include:
• What is the best way for us to understand the intricacies of the Muslim and non-Muslim third world
• What has to happen for the West to recognize and appreciate the diversities of these peoples?
Since our goal is align our foreign polices with our national interests and values, I suggest we begin by discussing this issue. Let’s start by measuring the virtuousness of our nation’s values as reflected by our policies in the Arab and Muslim worlds.
I’ve examined in depth the concept of values and virtue, so let me start with a list of attributes that, I contend, define virtuous values. We can then discuss how well they coincide with the values our nation’s actions depict to the world. To me, virtuous values promote:
• Abundance (Productivity, Development, Economic stability, Absence of poverty)
• Acceptance (Patience, Tolerance, Endurance, Nonjudgmentalness, Non-predjudice)
• Balance (Equilibrium, All positions considered objectively, Parity, Harmony, Consistency)
• Clarity (Clear understanding, Valid and useful knowledge, Ability to project accurately into the future)
• Compassion (Others mirror self, Self as part of whole)
• Courage (Strength, Commitment)
• Honesty/Truth (Integrity, Genuineness, Transparency)
• Joy (Positive excitation, Happiness, Hope, Optimism)
• Love (Bonding, Cooperative, Support, Collaboration, Humanitarianism)
• Selfless (Objective, Outward focus on others)
So, I ask, in what ways U.S. foreign policies in the Arab and Muslim worlds reflect these virtuous values? In what ways do we show the world that our values are not virtuous?
Steve Beller, PhD
Still on the run between family stuff here on vacation in Iowa Steve. So soory for the intermittent chaotic babling replies on the run. Will be back next week in DC for hopefully more cogent comments on your fine posts.
I keep bringing up George F. Kennan (ad nauseum)and have posted many comments here on this site in the last 6 months (in various Foriegn Policy Shoutbox issues) regarding how Kennan informs the present debate well in terms of HOW he delineated such a Containment Grand Strategy way forward that realistically and cogently soberly/unemotionally balances and integrates our national interests/capabilities, nations values, and the virulent/tumultous forces impinging throughout the world todays (as they did Post-WW2 60 years ago). He balanced things quite astutely between the dometic political forces calling for a rollback of the Soviets/Chinese as well as on the other side the Wallace Democrats and Taft Republicans callinfg for retreat into safe Isolationism. His well-informed middle way got us through a tenuousous and dangerous time decinderizedw ith Communism effectively in the dustbin of history.
Kennan new what Facism and Totolitarianism was all about first hand as he dealt with and knew the likes of Hitler, Stalin, Tito directly closeup. He was under no illusions on both their intentions and their capabilities. He also dealt with the likes of MacArthur, Marshall, Acheson, etc and his policies were very misconstued (Dulles and others) and over militarized in later years but his basic tenets on Containment held the test of time as he predicted exactly how the Soviets and European Communists would bite the proverbial dust. Good Strategy was paramount in success and Kennan's was the best and best informed of the bunch.
Kennan was under no illusion as to how very inadquate America and the World was in dealing with these people and external circumstances in general. He knew Russia and The Russian people better than anyone in US Dipomatic/Political circles and he used that knowledge to delineate the Contianment Strategy that not only balanced our naive perceptions of the pre-post WWII threats (moralistic/legalistic/idealism vs informed realism based on their and our capabilities), but the true sources of Soviet conduct (primarily Russian rather than Communist-based). I could go on but if you want a real good eloquent read and a good template on how maybe to get our minds around a Grand Strategy for the US in the 21st century, there is no better souce that George Kennan.
His short book "American Diplomacy" esp should be required reading for any US Prez Candidate. It was written in the late 40s when we were in angst on a very tenuous Global situation just as we are now. In many respects then it was MUCH more tenuous and dangerous than what we experience now. How does this relate to now? Many of the debates that was roiling the US and the world back then in the late 40s are eirily similar to what is roiling us today. It's different a tad around the edges and the actors are a bit different (although their virulent Facistic/Totolitarian mindset is not). The big diference though is that the Muslim World is going thru it's Reformation, Counter Reformation and Renaissance all at once and we all know how messy ours was in Europe a few centuries back. Now you have nukes nad WMDs sloshing around and lack of a decent Kennaesque like Strategy is dangerous for all. I've said before the biggest danger to the US is NOT al Qaeda or its franchise groups, China, Russia, energy dependenc, immigration, etc. The BIG danger is our failure to delineate a cogent clear Grand Strategy of what we want America to be in the world of the 21st century.
But now as then in the late 40's, it is still mainly about power politics, nationalisms, tribalisms more than religion perse(although religions is a factor just like to an extent Communism was a factor but not THE factor). Still Kennan informs so very well and is worth our hearty consideration on how he worked through these dilemmas as we go forth with our "new" ones this century. We'll I'll elaborate more on that latter but if you check some of my previous posts on Kennan that ties it together. Doesn't much answer your finely thought out questions there Steve but I hope it points in the right direction as does my former posts ogn the Grand Strategy Subject. All I'll leave you with for now (gotta run) is my favorite Kennan quote:
“Any message we may try to bring to others will be effective only if it is in accord with what we are to ourselves, and if this is something sufficiently impressive to compel the respect and confidence of a world which, despite all its material difficulties, is still more ready to recognize and respect spiritual distinction than material opulence.” – George F. Kennan
DC - 3rd ward - milligansstew08@yahoo.com
http://milligansstew.blogspot.com
I'm purchasing Kennan "American Diplomacy" book and (if I get it on time) I'll reading it during my vacation these next two weeks (otherwise, when I return). I look forward to continuing this discussion, which seems to be pointing toward defining a Grand Strategy for America.
Steve Beller, PhD
There are many disturbing things discussed in Kennan's book about our country's inane approach to foreign policy. Follow are a few (in no particular order):
In a nutshell, when it comes to foreign affairs, our country has developed a huge habitual militaristic appetite that benefits certain corporations, certain members of the armed forces, and their political allies; while at the same time, our leaders are largely ignorant of the complexities of human nature, inept at sensible diplomacy, and manipulative in making the case for war with the American public due to greed and/or fear of appearing weak. These tendencies go way back in our country’s history, and the current Middle Eastern conflicts simply reflect this long-standing trend.
What we need, therefore, is a paradigm shift in the way we view and deal with other nations. This means breaking the unholy alliance between politics, power, ego and money to create a new American consciousness ... a changed national personality based on wisdom, integrity, humility, reflection and compassion for all people's ... and that’s a real challenge because many folks are gaining financially by the status quo!!! I just don’t see a viable alternative.
Steve Beller, PhD
Steve, Thanks for reading. Looks like you got the brunt of the Kennan message. I would only add his focus was on the legalistic-moralisic skeinin US Foreign Policy as well as a failure to delineate our true national interests as the biggest national failing we need to overcome. Will elaborate later but gotta go still canoeing/camping.
Will leave you with som to check out as a possible way forward to explore:
http://unity08.com/node/1129
(Princeton Project on Natl Security)
and
the Iraq Study Group efforts as well as Richard Haass's work at CFR.
all good efforts at seeking Kennan in a Bipartisan Centrist way.
C - 3rd ward - milligansstew08@yahoo.com
http://milligansstew.blogspot.com
Stimulating dialogue. Thanks to everyone!
I've often heard that many Muslims feel humiliated (belittled, disrespected) and many feel hopeless. This seems to have been the case well before 9/11, and may very well have been an underlying psychological force that drew the hijackers to bin Laden. While it's psychologically understandable that these feelings can lead to rage at the perceived perpetrators, the question is why do many Muslims target their anger toward the U.S. and other Western countries? After all, as Autobob said, we do many good things around the world, and many of us have virtuous hearts and act compassionately toward others.
I also know that many of our own citizens and peoples from around the globe distrust our government's motives. They think our government lies, threatens and manipulates others for its own selfish gains and the gains of their corporate constituents. But can’t the same be said of many other governments as well?
With conflicting views like this, it's tough to make sense of it all.
So what I've been trying to do is understand the Muslim mind-set and see how they may be perceiving us and why. Following are some of the things I’ve been pondering.
While distrusting our government is certainly a problem--and I can understand why they doubt our government’s motives--the issue of humiliation and hopelessness, I believe, is much more central to the problem of terrorism.
From what I know about Muslim religious teachings, a main tenet is that one of the most important things in life is having compassion and for the poor and down-trodden and acting in a humanitarian way to help them. As I wrote initially, this something has enabled Hamas and Hezbollah to win their hearts and minds. So, why doesn’t our humanitarian aid have the same positive affect?
One possible explanation is that they believe there are strings attached to our humanitarian actions since they don’t trust our government. Maybe something like: “They are offering us this aid only because they want our oil.” Or maybe life is so much worse for many Iraqis since we’ve been there that their miser trumps the good we’re trying to do. I don’t know. And anyway, what does that have to do with their feelings of humiliation?
People feel humiliated when they think other don’t care about them, ridicule them, disrespect them, etc.
Prior to 9/11, what did America do that Muslims might have perceived as humiliating them? Maybe some felt humiliated by our support of Israel over the Palestinians. Maybe some felt humiliated because to them Americans seemed so preoccupied with gaining personal wealth and possessions that it seemed we didn’t really care what happened in the rest of the world. Again, I’m not sure, but I think it’s important that we know what the perceptions of us are by the rest of the world and why they think so negatively of us.
BTW, I don’t accept that terrorists hate us simply because they are envious of our wealth. A Muslim youth doesn’t become a suicidal bomber out of envy; a much stronger motivator is required for someone to blow themselves up. Instead, they seem to do it because they feel humiliated and hopeless and believe the only way to “salvation” is by killing the ones how they believe are the culprits of their bleak situation. Sure, extremist religious beliefs plays a role in this thinking, but a person has to be willing to accept such extreme beliefs, which is much more likely if they feel humiliated and hopeless.
I contend, therefore, that it all boils down to negative perceptions and feelings that many Arabs, Muslims and other have toward out country. There are reasons they have these thoughts and feelings and we ought to know what they are. Once we do, we can deal with them by changing our ways as appropriate, and by helping others understand how their misperceiving our motives and actions, which we believe are actually virtuous.
Distrust of our government would become a big problem when we attempt to prove how virtuous, caring, and compassionate our country is. The natural tendency would be to doubt our motives and claims.
Anyway, it would be helpful to hear from any Arabs and Muslims who might be reading this thread to help shed light on what’s going on.
Steve Beller, PhD
Excellent analyses there steve. I think a lot of our failures stem from looking at other peoples' in terms of how they are and are not like ourselves. A Flawed vision. Rather we need to learn about other peoples and what motivates them and what their true and vital interests are. That would inform our policies in a way where maybe we would not try to do foreign policy on the cheap with stilted blinders as we have done of recent with unidimensional quick fix policies.
Learn about them and learn their interests and what interests of theirs may dovetail with ours (a lot actually would). But more importantly we need get off our ethnocentric high horse and learn about/look at them in terms of their own perceptions and realities and interests that would inform wise policies on our side. America is just starting to learn how to do this and it will be a tough haul. We are set up well to do that thogh IMHO better than any nation. We have failed to do that though esp after 9/11. We will learn. Unity can help in that effort. As Churchill said "America eventually does the right thing, but along the way they will explore all other possibilities." He was right but America gets wisdom late and at cost.
DC - 3rd ward - milligansstew08@yahoo.com
http://milligansstew.blogspot.com
Steve and John,
Where both of your posts seem deeply thought out, can we perhaps consider the obvious? Trying to pin their hatred and distrust of western civilization on jealousy or their perception of us as only out for matterial gain is, in my opinion, overlooking the obvious. Has anyone seen the recent cartoon showing on their TV Stations with a Mickey Mouse type character telling the children to hate the Jews and the great Satan? They even killed off this character by having a "Jew" murder him. They have cartoons where the hero is a young boy with a suicide bomb strapped to his waist.
These people are tought from a very young age that "Infidels" are evil and their highest calling is to convert or kill as many infidels as possible. Until their religous leaders begin to preach acceptance of others instead of their current hatred, we will get nowhere.
We bend over backwards when welcoming foreign leaders to our country in an attempt to follow their cultural teachings and not offend. We also train our foreign dignataries to do the same on their soil. There is no place that I know of that trains their people on American culture so as not to offend our officials.
I hope you have all seen, and been disgusted by, the video of the young boy (maybe 4 years old) showing a video to the news cameras of the moment his father becomes a martyr. He is pointing to an explosion, filmed from a distance, and saying his father has just destroyed the infidels. Not a tear for the loss of his father! Joy and pride! Until they stop these teachings there will be no amount of "respect for their culture" that will stop this hatred, in my opinion.
My question is, how do we make them value their own lives more than they hate ours?
Wow! The conversations I’m engaged in here and the healthcare forum have real substance and give me hope in the power of Unity08 to present deep, intelligent thought and insights emerging from the grass roots into the political area. This has been a long time dream of mine and I’m truly moved by I'm seeing.
John’s confirming the need to put ourselves in their shoes and understand things from their point of view. YES! We don’t have to agree with how the Muslim world perceives us and we don’t have to adopt their religion, but we absolutely MUST understand what they believe about our society and government—the good, the bad and the ugly things they perceive about us. ONLY THEN can we possibly deal with hatred and terrorism effectively. The war on terror, as I reported above, is at it’s essence a war of hearts and minds, not guns. So our policies should be based on deep knowledge of the psyche (beliefs, focus and emotions) of both moderate Muslims and terrorist extremists.
Autobob’s comments and questions are also enlightened. A religious conflict fuels the crisis, which goes back many many years. I’ve heard Jews and Christians disparage Muslims and visa versa. For the Muslims who are struggling to survive in a culture of poverty, these disparaging remarks, and the lack of opportunities for a better life for their families, seem to me to be one reason for their feelings of humiliation.
If we in the West put ourselves in their shows, what might we me see? As Muslims, might we see the U.S. and its allies flaunting in our faces their military might and economic superiority? Might we feel their prejudice against us? Might we believe that they defeated Sadam and are occupying Iraq for cheaper oil and not out of a sincere desire to help Iraqi’s, and that the US’s claims of virtue are actually lies like their claim of WMDs? Might we see Western civilization as perceiving itself to be more deserving of the “good life” and not really caring about the poor and disenfranchised (e.g., Americans are more deserving of the “finer things in life” because they think they are a more worthy people, while they disregard or disparage us as worthless “camel jockeys”). Might we think that the world’s economic systems are rigged against us, so we have very little opportunity to improve our life quality compared to the West? Might we think the West believes their Judeo-Christian is valid and Muslim beliefs and customs are inferior? What do you think?
If I just reflected common Muslim mind-sets, then I could certainly understand why they feel humiliated and why they are prone to believing propaganda against us and rejecting propaganda for us. I could also understand why many would be prone to feelings of hatred preached by religious extremists, and why many would ally themselves with violence-prone organizations.
In other words, if we were in their shoes, we may very well think and act the way they do.
So, what can we do? I suggest we begin by gaining critical knowledge that would come from putting ourselves in the shoes of the Muslims and Arabs who hate us by seeing the world through their eyes. We then have to look at our own culture, government, beliefs and feelings and ask ourselves—with open, objective, impartial, non-defensive minds—why they think and feel the way they do. Once we know for sure, we have to address each problematic issue guided by wisdom and virtue. When the Muslim world realizes we are sincere about doing this, it would be awful difficult for them to see us as infidels, no matter what some Imams might say. only then do we have a real chance of winning their hearts and minds.
This exploration for understanding, however, ought not begin by blaming anyone or anything. For example, we should not come in blaming the Muslim religion for casting us in a negative light. After all, not all Muslims are religious extremists nor are they terrorists. Instead, it seems to me that Muslims who accept extremist religious beliefs, and those who become suicidal bombers in the name of Allah, are susceptible to accepting these beliefs and performing these violent actions because of the conditions in their lives, the bleak view they have of their futures, and the humiliation they feel.
I hope I’m making some sense here.
Steve Beller, PhD
Read it. And read the biographi of muslim ultimate role model - Holly Prophet Mohammed.
Unlike Christianity,Islam is inseparable from particular model of the society - virtual Constitution - Sharia.
shleym,
Are you saying that the Sharia is to Islam as the Talmud is to Judaism, i.e., they both detail an acceptable code of conduct and the consequences for not? I suppose you're right that Christianity has no equivalent "virtual constitution," be it for the better or worse.
What I'm saying is that there is no clear doctrine in any of the major religions that says "You should kill people simply because their beliefs, ceremonies and lifestyles are different." If you can point me any such passages, please do so!
Nevertheless, there has been all sorts of violence over the years in the name of religion. But it is fool hearty, to blame religion ... It's the distorted way certain people interpret the writings of their religious books and the negative emotions these beliefs generate that give rise to terrorism.
John add that all this boils down to fascism and totalitarianism, NOT religion. He gives an excellent overview from a historic perspective at http://unity08.com/comment/reply/1830/31984.
Steve Beller, PhD
Are you saying that the Sharia is to Islam as the Talmud is to Judaism, i.e., they both detail an acceptable code of conduct and the consequences for not?
No similarities in an important area. Talmud (and whole Bible) specifies what followers of the faith have to do to be a good believer. They have no provisions for their non-Jewish neighbors. These non-Jews are left to State and God to deal with. Same with Christianity – plenty of rules for Christians, but if you are not a Christian, you do not have to follow them.
Sharia, however, defines rules not only for Muslims, but for the whole population of the State. That is why it is a Constitution. That is why Islam is a political party disguised as religion. If we will further examine their political goal written into Sharia, we will see, that their Constitution is incompatible with US Constitution and of pretty totalitarian kind.
John add that all this boils down to fascism and totalitarianism
Correct in the case of Islam – compare ideal Islamic state with an ideal Communist or Nazi state.
Not true for Christianity, Judaism, Buddhism and many other real religions, because there is no rules for you and me there, if we are of different faith ot even atheists.
As I recently read in one vise book, in Christianity violence is an aberration from the teaching, while in Islam violence is at the core of the religious Holly texts and doctrine.
I don't know there Schleym. The Bible has a lot of smotting going on all over the place and strict interpreters would say it does prescribe rules for non-believers (conversion or death) just as the other Texts. Given the strict interpretation of the Koran as the jihadis/wahabis are wont to do in their Reformation quest is pretty nasty stuff for sure, but no more so than The Chrstian Reformation and the Counter-Reformation was. The Wars of Enlightened Central Europe in the last 400 years or so and the Crusades make what is going on now in the Mideast and beyond look like a tea party. As with Chrstianity and Islam and most other Religions out therethere was and is a lot of smotting going on in its name. Does that make religion wrong and bad?? Of course not! Religions are the font of the most beautiful and meaningful but we need to realize in improper and careless and nefarious hands it is capable of the most evil imaginable.
DC - 3rd ward - milligansstew08@yahoo.com
http://milligansstew.blogspot.com
To John Milligan:
Term “Reformation” does not reflect the truth nether about Christian Protestant movement, nor about jihadists of all ages – Al-Moravids and Al-Mohads of 10 century, Wahhabi of 19 century or Al-Qaeda of 21 century. All these movements called for changes, but without pointing to direction of these changes, we will only mud the water.
I would suggest to stick with term Fundamentalism, because all movements mentioned above called for return to the literal understanding of the Holly Texts and to shed off as much non-canonical comments as possible. It is a call - Back to basis, i.e. to fundament.
And now the context of the original Holly Texts makes all the difference.
Original Christianity (these people wrote New Testament) suppressed violence among the followers. Besides religious, there was a pure pragmatic reason for that – they have enough troubles with Roman Empire even as it was and they would be easily crashed if they even think of some revolt.
And return to these original texts (shedding all Papal encyclical comments, including calls for Crusades and establishing Holly Inquisition) once again made Christian protestant the most tolerant religious community, which, BTW lay a fundament of USA with our Bill of Rights and Separation of Church and State.
IMHO, it is not a coincident, that Reformation coincided with Book Printing invention. If one calls for people to follow some text, he should guaranty that people a literate and that this text is affordable for every family.
Crusades were supported at the time, when Rome had a free reign and sole authority in interpreting the Bible, while 99% of the Europeans were plainly illiterate and had to believe any Papal imagination.
That was a time, when Christianity strained very far from its own Text. Therefore, you can not judge Christianity by that violent period.
Funny, but those, who today justify Muslim violence in Iraq and call those killers Freedom Fighters, bravely picking fight with more technologically advanced civilization, must also love Crusaders. Crusaders were brave European Christian men, who bravely fought more advanced at that time Muslim Civilization in the attempt to stop the previous 400 years Muslim intrusion into Christian Lands. But if you look at violence alone, you would despise Crusaders and modern Muslim jihadists alike.
Now, about Muslim Fundamentalism. It is return to the Koran. Each such return meant a bloodshed for the unfortunate non-Muslim neighbors. Just read the Koran and you will understand why.
By definition, all comments to the Koran (except Sunna – essentially memoirs of close friends of the Prophet) are optional and only its text is here to stay. Also, Muslims have to follow Mohammed’s example in their life.
They must follow the life of the person, who was a warlord and slave master, who took over one city-state, reshape their traditional society and ruthlessly destroyed all opposition, and then he waged war on neighbors taking their territory. What a peaceful neighbor he was. And what law abiding citizens will become from those Fundamentalists, who will try to relive his life in the modern USA (or other non-Muslim country).
You can come up with the most tolerant commentaries for Muslims, but the very next mullah, who will read the Koran will easily overwrite them.
If you are looking for the closest analogy to Islam, look at Communism and Nazism.
You can not appease these guys who aim at world domination. You can only deprive them of resources to achieve their goal or literally crush them.
I just want to make sure I understand you, shleym2007.
Are you saying that anyone who understands the Koran from a fundamentalist perspective and wants to be a “good Muslim,” MUST do whatever they can to kill non-Muslims by becoming a Nazi-like murderers bent on world domination as reflected by the life a warlord and slave master who was bent on reshaping society and ruthlessly destroyed all opposition. Does that sum up your position?
Steve Beller, PhD
I just want to make sure I understand you, shleym2007. Are you saying that anyone who understands the Koran from a fundamentalist perspective and wants to be a “good Muslim,” MUST do whatever they can to kill non-Muslims by becoming a Nazi-like murderers bent on world domination as reflected by the life a warlord and slave master who was bent on reshaping society and ruthlessly destroyed all opposition. Does that sum up your position?
Steve Beller, PhD
Unfortunately for all of us (including Muslims themselves), your understanding is true. The more they get involved in the Islam, the more they become “members” of the Nazi-like political movement on the path to World domination. And very few people will like the medieval design of the future world of theirs.
Current surge of Muslim Fundamentalism is based not only on oil money, but also on spread of literacy among Muslims. They read their Koran and significant percent of them become anxious to enter paradise through Jihad, as it described in the Book.
The less they are concern with being a good Muslims, the safer they are as neighbors.
This trend is exact opposite to Christian Fundamentalist, who in the extreme form is a perfect non-violent hard working citizen and a good neighbor to non-Christians.
As I advised you originally, read the Koran yourself.
I’ve reviewed the Koran. What is found is that it, like the Old and New Testaments before it, contain cryptic passages that are open to different interpretations. I saw nothing commanding Muslims to kill non-Muslims in a quest for world domination. In fact, as I posted at http://unity08.com/node/1830#comment-32149, terrorism is prohibited; here are four points I wrote:
1. The Quran specifically prohibits terrorism as per Chapter 5, verse 32: “We ordained for the Children of Israel that if any one slew a person -- unless it be for murder or for spreading mischief in the land -- it would be as if he slew the whole people; and if any one saved a life, it would be as if he saved the life of the whole people."
2. The definition of jihad: The greater jihad is the ongoing struggle within one's own soul to be a better person--to ward off temptation, to do the right thing, follow one's conscience and God's commandments and develop a closer relationship with Allah. The lesser jihad is the considered response to attack with self-defense.
3. Jews and Christians are "People of the Book" to Muslims -- fellow recipients of God's instructions via angels and prophets. Chapter 2, verse 62 of the Quran states: "Surely those who believe, those who are Jews, and the Christians, and the Sabians, whoever believes in God and the Last Day and does good, shall have their reward with their Lord. There is no fear for them, nor shall they grieve." The Torah is considered a revealed scripture, as are the Psalms and the Gospel.
4. Sheik Muawith is troubled when people like Osama bin Laden issue fatwas of their own. "These kind of fatwas have no basis in religion," he says. "Anyone just issuing a fatwa like that should not be trusted. It should neither be considered the religion of Islam or the teachings of Islam."
Nevertheless, here’s one verse in the Koran that can be interpreted to support your claims: “So when you meet in battle those who disbelieve, then smite the necks until when you have overcome them, then make (them) prisoners, and afterwards either set them free as a favor or let them ransom (themselves) until the war terminates.” (Muhammad 47:4).
Since my point is that using religious text as justification for some action is based on interpretation, that the validity of that interpretation requires understanding the authors’ minds, and that such understanding should take into account knowledge of circumstance at the time. I’m neither a religious scholar nor historian, but I do try to understand conflicting interpretations and motives for such differing opinions.
In my quest, I found the following post, from someone on another site that is having a parallel conversation to ours, which addresses the interpretation of Muhammad 47:4 (see Can Americans be convinced Islam isn’t the black sheep of religions? for the entire thread). Following is the post in full:
I understand why some may view Quranic texts that on a strictly literal interpretation would seems to promote violence because unlike the bible, the Quraanic texts meaning has been preserved in the hadeeth (traditions) of the Prophet (Peace be upon him). One such example of this is the verse,
“So, when you meet (in fight Jihaad in Allaah’s Cause), those who disbelieve smite at their necks till when you have killed and wounded many of them, then bind a bond firmly (on them, i.e. take them as captives).” (Muhammad 47:4)
What is interesting to note, is that people who often quote such verses do not quote the whole passage, which in most cases is speaking about a specific incident, place and/or time. Let us look at the rest of the verse:
“Thereafter (is the time) either for generosity (i.e. free them without ransom), or ransom (according to what benefits Islaam), until the war lays down its burden. Thus [you are ordered by Allâh to continue in carrying out Jihâd against the disbelievers till they embrace Islâm (i.e. are saved from the punishment in the Hell-fire) or at least come under your protection], but if it had been Allaah’s Will, He Himself could certainly have punished them (without you). But (He lets you fight), in order to test you, some with others. But those who are killed in the Way of Allaah, He will never let their deeds be lost, (Muhammad 47:4)
Now this needs to be accompanied by the historical reference, which is too exhaustive to quote here, but in summary, at the time this verse was revealed The Muslims were under a peace treaty with the Pagan Quraysh. The Muslims in Madinah while the Pagans were in Makkah. Under this treaty, parties were not to transgress upon the other, yet the Pagans in Makkah repeatedly broke the treaty, and attacked Muslims caravans, and in many cases, murdered Muslims with whom they had establsihed a treaty. There were calls from many of the Muslims to fight because they would rather die fighting than risk ambush in caravans or otherwise, yet the Prophet Muhammad waited for such verses to be revealed. So this verse was pertaining to a specific time, place, and circumstance, and while general rulings can be derived by such verses, what is clear by mentioning such verses is that the verses call for an end to tyranny and oppression by fighting the oppressors.
This is exemplified by the command of Muhammad when he ordered those fighting such oppression to not kill the elderly, women, children, the workers in the fields, or even to cut down the trees without due right. During one of the campaigns, one of the Prophet’s Companions killed those who bowed down and prostrated in submission and the Companion Khalid Ibn Waleed killed them all while they were in that state, when news of this reached Muhammad he called to the heavens, ‘Oh Allaah, bear witness I am free from what Khalid has done!” And there are numerous other examples, but for the sake of brevity, I will not mention more of them.
People would like to act as if there has been no wrong done by Christians, and definitely some verification of facts is needed, particularly on the part of the Americans and Christian Missionaries. As someone who is Native Canadian (Ojibway Tribe) and was raised a catholic, I am quite familiar with my peoples’ history and how “The only good Indian is a dead Indian.” According to many Christian Missionaries these “savages” souls were in need of saving. Even though many of these tribes had religions which were far more monotheistic than Christianity! So let us not pretend that the last atrocity perpertrated by Christians was over 1000 years ago. (Especially when the crusades ended approximately 1291)
What’s worse, is that today Christianity, to some extent. has been replaced by the new religion called “democracy” under the auspices of liberty and freedom! While at the same time, those force-feeding others this “democracy”, are Christians, Jews, Marxists, and atheists, each with their own self-serving agendas! Sadly, it is always regular civilians who suffer from such ignorance. I don’t have time to discuss all the dynamics of the middle east, or how countries like France are not truly democratic, or even how the current US President aims to strip its citizens from what liberties and rights they currently have, as it is not the time or place for that, but I hope I have made my point.
Let us agree to disagree and let us agree to not fight as I am truly not surprised when sensationalizing media experts forget (sometimes on purpose) verses from the Quraan such as:
Say: “O people of the Scripture (Jews and Christians): Come to a word that is just between us and you, that we worship none but Allaah (God), and that we associate no partners with Him, and that none of us shall take others as lords besides Allaah. Then, if they turn away, say: “Bear witness that we are Muslims.” (Aali Imran 3:64)
While I don't know if this is 100% accurate, what I am confident in claiming is that all religious text is open to interpretation, and when making interpretations or accepting the interpretations of others it is wise to understand the historical context, as well as the motives of the interpreters. And nothing you’ve said or I’ve read comes close to convincing me that the Koran commands Muslims to fight for world domination, nor does it condone terrorism.
Now, what does this say about your valid point that some Muslims are “anxious to enter paradise through Jihad.” Well, to me it says that there are Muslims who are so hopeless, disenfranchised, humiliated, etc. that they are susceptible to promises of a better afterlife and are willing to kill and die to attain it. When one believes there’s little to live for (that a better life is not possible), and when one can blame the actions of a perceived perpetrator, and when one can be convinced that a particular interpretation of a religious text is the “true” point of view, and when this text promises immediate entry to paradise and an ending of one’s current helplessness and hopelessness – it ought not be surprising that there are suicidal bombers.
But this is not a religious issue. It’s an issue of powerful leaders who want to control their followers to accomplish particular agendas. These agendas are typically about obtaining land, wealth and opportunity they perceive other groups having, which they perceive they should have, but the other groups are preventing them from having unfairly. Often these agenda involve battle/war. An effective way these leaders can convince their followers to fight and die is to say that God condones their agenda and strategies. Regardless of whether the leaders believe it or not, all they have to do is interpret some religious text in a way that justifies their objectives and tactics for achieving them (e.g., death & fear through terrorism). This is not very difficult when the followers are disenfranchised youth who see no other way out of their bad life-situation.
Strategy 1: One way to weaken these extremist leaders is, therefore, is to convince their followers that the religious text ought to be interpreted differently. Unfortunately, I doubt this would work for many reasons.
Strategy 2: Another way is to kill all the extremist leaders, their followers, and anyone else who might take their places. Likewise, this is not possible (e.g., we still can’t find bin Laden) nor is it wise since martyrdom and civilian deaths (“collateral damage”) only make the leaders’ causes stronger in the minds of the masses.
Strategy 3: A third way, which I’ve been proposing, is to treat the Muslim masses with great dignity, respect and humanitarian aid. Not only is this consistent with the core message of Christian, Jewish and Muslim religions, but it would make it much for difficult for the extremist leaders to blame and criticize the West for the plight of the Muslim world, as well as giving cognitive dissonance to their followers (and potential followers) since we would be helping them have a better, more dignified life (it’s tough to hate someone who helps you and treats you with respect). We could then also implement strategy 1 since Muslims who are now susceptible to radical/extremist interpretations of the Koran would become more open to alternative interpretations.
Steve Beller, PhD
I assert that our debate stems from Judeo-Christian-Islamic text comprised of ambiguous, nuanced, and sometimes contradictory commands--often presented through analogy and story--which must be interpreted to be understood.
Any reasonable interpretation, however, must be made in light of the complex, historical world situation and human knowledge at the time the text was written. Not to mention the likely a "telephone-game effect" (i.e., when you whisper a phrase to your neighbor and it's passed down the line, often resulting a much changed phrase) in which the writings change over time as stories and scriptures pass from generation to generation, and are translated from language to language.
My assertion explains why it's easy for different people to interpret the same phrase in drastically different ways, and why there is often no universally correct interpretation of many phrases.
As such, one's interpretation reflects one's own knowledge of history, influences of one's current culture, mind-sets emerging from one's present life events, as well as one's personality and existing belief systems.
I therefore consider such interpretations to be subjective beliefs that many have no connection to what the author (or one's god) actually means by the words. And there's often no way to know what a valid interpretation is.
This logic confirms the case that terrorism is NOT based on religious text, but fundamentalist leaders may use their own interpretations to validate their preconceived agendas. And these agendas typically reflect their desire for economic gain and security for themselves and their followers, as well as a desire for control.
Steve Beller, PhD
Text sets the tone and different texts set different tones.
Surely, you would not recommend Playboy to 12-year old students across the country in the hope that they will take this magazine for manual of the part of photography.
And your analogy to telephone game with distortion along the line and in the process of language-to-language translation is not applied to all 3 Abrahamic religions (an to many non-Abrahamic as well), because they have a “certified” text easily available. Any translations quotes and comments can always be verified against this “master copy” written in Hebrew, Aramaic, or Arabic.
Now your arguments are much stronger and they can not be simply dismissed. Now they should be analyzed step by step.
You put me in a awkward position, when during the war I have to explain that even though not all Germans are bad people and even many rank and file members of the Nazi party enlisted solely out of German patriotism (nothing wrong with it) and despise the aggression and war crimes committed by their party leadership, we still need to consider crashing Nazi ideology and banning Nazi parties. Well, these Germans and even Nazi party members are our natural allies and we would like them to take over their native Germany. But singing praises to Nazi will not help them to succeed. As a matter of fact, it would embolden and strengthen Nazi leadership and they will kill these dissidents whose feelings we are so afraid to harm.
I’ve reviewed the Koran. What is found is that it, like the Old and New Testaments before it, contain cryptic passages that are open to different interpretations.
You are not the first person facing the ambiguity of the religious texts. Muslim scholars faced it long time ago and their key is the life of the Mohammed. It is the most sane approach used by modern judicial system -
Look at the legislator’s intent.
.There are plenty calls in Koran to kill polytheists and enemies of Allah. Sure, that all is in self-defense only. I grew up in a highly militarized and pretty aggressive empire, called USSR, to appreciate that concept. USSR was also never aggressor, only self-defenser. USSR went to Finland, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Afghanistan, South Korea, Vietnam, Angola, Nicaragua, Cuba, Chilly, Ethiopia, Israel (yes, soviet officers manned Egyptian air force and air defense during Arab aggression against Israel on Yom Kippur), you name it purely in self-defense.
One can wonder what people of the remote North West corner of Africa ever did to small town in Arabia, called Mecca, so Arabs from Mecca took that area in self defense and now it is a Muslim country Morocco.
It was taken over by just second generation of the Mohammed’s companions. It was sure inline with the life sample of their Prophet.
Chapter 5, verse 32: “We ordained for the Children of Israel that if any one slew a person -- unless it be for murder or for spreading mischief in the land -- it would be as if he slew the whole people; and if any one saved a life, it would be as if he saved the life of the whole people."
It is the concept common for all 3 Abrahamic religions. But now look the life of the role models of Christianity and Islam.
Jesus killed nobody. As a matter of fact, you can try him now based on the modern criminal and international law and find no crimes. Zero!
Mohammed himself responsible for killing thousands, which proves that he was not overly concerned with his own Sura 5:32.
Scientists and Muslim scholars both recognize 2 very different cycles in the Koran.
1. Mecca cycle, when he was counting on Jewish support, was at the head of the minority group and was more tolerant toward
2. Medina cycle, when he became a ruthless warlord and ruler of the ever growing Muslim Empire.
If directions from 1-st cycle contradict directions from 2-nd cycle, second cycle takes preference, as being written later.
If you will put Mohammed on trial today, he will be easily convicted as civic and war criminal on multiple accounts.
Yes, I have problem with the fan club of Mohammed, Genghis-Khan, Timur-Lenk, Adolph Hitler, Tomas de Torquemada, Jack the Ripper or other known murderer is opening its weekly session in my neighborhood. They could be nice guys, but the chances of them going berserk is much higher than in the club of followers of Jesus Christ, Mother Theresa, Buddha, King Solomon or even Britney Spears.
The lesser jihad is the considered response to attack with self-defense.
Where did you take it? This is not in the Koran. The fact, that this is not from Koran, allows Islam to easily remove this sophisticated concept and go with the simple understanding of the test. And they are doing just that from time to time. It is called Fundamentalism. And our victory will not be safe from another Muslim politician, who will jump in the very moment, he will think that they have a chance to destroy us.
Jews and Christians are "People of the Book" to Muslims -- fellow recipients of God's instructions
Yes, they are called Dhimmi. Learn about the life of the Dhimmi in the Muslim World as second class citizens. Your hear will rise up. Well, it is still better than to be killed during pogrom, so it was a progressive concept 1400 years ago. But come on… Modern social concepts (especially, separation of Church and State and Bill of Rights) give minorities equal rights.
Sheik Muawith is troubled when people like Osama bin Laden issue fatwas of their own. "These kind of fatwas have no basis in religion," he says. "Anyone just issuing a fatwa like that should not be trusted. It should neither be considered the religion of Islam or the teachings of Islam."
This is great. I am sure, that honorable Sheik has already issued his own fatwa (excommunication) against Osama bin Laden. It should be easy to declare Osama a non-Muslim or even the tool of Shaitan (Devil) for mocking peaceful Islam.
What? He did not issue fatwa against Bin Laden? But why?
I will tell you why. Honorable Sheik knows that Osama can back his words by Mohammed’s words and deeds, while Sheik Muawith (no doubt, good person himself) has to use second-hand interpretations written by men to make Islam look peaceful.
The truth is – Osama is a Muslim Fundamentalist and there is nothing in Islam, which allow Muslim scholars to excommunicate him, even if they desperately wish to do it).
Since my point is that using religious text as justification for some action is based on interpretation, that the validity of that interpretation requires understanding the authors’ minds, and that such understanding should take into account knowledge of circumstance at the time.
I almost agree with you there. I am also trying to look at the life of the Holly Prophet or Jesus Christ in order to judge their religions. I have a note about time, though. You can put it in the past or apply to old and non-existing now tribes only if the modern followers of that religion also agree to leave it in the past. Such is Judaism. There is an very specific eternal command to kill Amalek and his kin. Well, there is no Amalek now – so nobody will be harmed by this command. And those biblical tribes in Canaan, who “were ordered” by G-d to be fought are gone long time ago. Jewish scholars agree, and what is important, it is part of Judaism required religious text, that these commands were executed at that time and do not apply to modern times.
In Christianity and Islam, however, the historical samples of the lives of their respective role models are eternal. But the Role Models are very different.
What would Jesus do? – asking good Christian. Atheists, Jews, homosexuals will not be harmed as the result of the answer.
What would Mohammed do? – asking good Muslim. He would establish a totalitarian theocracy, will take multiple wives and build up personal wealth from selling the war booty and ransoming captives, because this is what he did in Medina.
”People would like to act as if there has been no wrong done by Christians”
I would challenge this author to point to wrong (Jews has some issues with Jesus in the spiritual realm, but it is a different story) done by the Christ, his followers and even first two generation of the Christians. These people wrote New Testament. People, who wrote Koran, on the other hand, were certified war criminals by modern standards.
At least, he did not bring Crusaders. :) We can thank him for that.
Now, let’s talk about your solutions.
Strategy 1: One way to weaken these extremist leaders is, therefore, is to convince their followers that the religious text ought to be interpreted differently. Unfortunately, I doubt this would work for many reasons.
I agree with you here. It will not work because, by design at least in Suni Islam, no one has the authority to impose mandatory commentaries on Mohammed’s words and actions.
Strategy 2: Another way is to kill all the extremist leaders, their followers, and anyone else who might take their places. Likewise, this is not possible (e.g., we still can’t find bin Laden) nor is it wise since martyrdom and civilian deaths (“collateral damage”) only make the leaders’ causes stronger in the minds of the masses.
Mistake here. Muslim concept of martyrdom is very different from the Christian one. Islam is very “earthy” religion. Their achievements always meant to be in durable things – more land, bigger temples, and mightier armies. If person is killed bringing more land under Muslim control, he is a martyr. But if he is killed achieving nothing or even losing land to Jews, Christians, Inuits, he is nothing more, than a loser.
It is OK to make losers out of Muslim Fundamentalists. It is a good concept, which worked with Germany and Japan. Nazi leaders did not become German martyrs.
Strategy 3: A third way, which I’ve been proposing, is to treat the Muslim masses with great dignity, respect and humanitarian aid. Not only is this consistent with the core message of Christian, Jewish and Muslim religions, but it would make it much for difficult for the extremist leaders to blame and criticize the West for the plight of the Muslim world, as well as giving cognitive dissonance to their followers (and potential followers) since we would be helping them have a better, more dignified life (it’s tough to hate someone who helps you and treats you with respect). We could then also implement strategy 1 since Muslims who are now susceptible to radical/extremist interpretations of the Koran would become more open to alternative interpretations.
Israeli experience tells that it will not work. The more you give to them, the more resources they will use to destroy you. Consider the following – on one hand, Israel was about to give Palestinians their beloved independent Palestine in 2024. On another hand, old retired Israeli general went to the site of the old Jewish Temple. You might think that Palestinian should take the independence and ignore general. Well, Palestinian ignored the offer and started war because of the general.
Another case – Israeli withdrawal from Gaza. Any thanks from Muslims? Yes, if you would call daily missiles at Jewish cities thankful notes.
These overly sensitive folks will consider our gestures of good will as concessions and will press for more. Another problem with your proposal – how are you going “to treat Muslim masses” if any treatment will be filtered to them by their own establishment.
Current price of oil is a very nice treatment to Saudis, don’t you think? But money is pocketed by Royal Family and Saudi masses hate us more than ever. Would you willing to send US marines to distribute money among Saudis directly? They will immediately call it an aggression with all road side bombs attached to that term.
I would vote for your Strategy 2
I pleased, Shely, that this gives you substance and appreciate your comprehensive reply. Following is my response to each of you points.
You wrote: “There are plenty calls in Koran to kill polytheists and enemies of Allah. Sure, that all is in self-defense only…. One can wonder what people of the remote North West corner of Africa ever did to small town in Arabia, called Mecca, so Arabs from Mecca took that area in self defense and now it is a Muslim country Morocco. It was taken over by just second generation of the Mohammed’s companions. It was sure inline with the life sample of their Prophet….Jesus killed nobody. … Mohammed himself responsible for killing thousands, which proves that he was not overly concerned with his own Sura 5:32. Scientists and Muslim scholars both recognize 2 very different cycles in the Koran. 1. Mecca cycle, when he was counting on Jewish support, was at the head of the minority group and was more tolerant toward 2. Medina cycle, when he became a ruthless warlord and ruler of the ever growing Muslim Empire. If directions from 1-st cycle contradict directions from 2-nd cycle, second cycle takes preference, as being written later. “
I assume that the 2nd cycle takes preference because of some arbitrary ruling by Muslim scholars. Who says they’re correct? Is it written in the Koran that later interpretations should supersede previous ones? I didn’t see it there. Which interpretation comes from God? But this is a minor point; consider your following statement -- You wrote: “If you will put Mohammed on trial today, he will be easily convicted as civic and war criminal on multiple accounts. Yes, I have problem with the fan club of Mohammed, Genghis-Khan, Timur-Lenk, Adolph Hitler, Tomas de Torquemada, Jack the Ripper or other known murderer is opening its weekly session in my neighborhood. They could be nice guys, but the chances of them going berserk is much higher than in the club of followers of Jesus Christ, Mother Theresa, Buddha, King Solomon or even Britney Spears.”
Following are some polar opposite interpretation of Mohammed and violence, starting with a quote from this site in which an Islamic scholar answers the question: “If Muhammad was such a holy man, why was it necessary for him to lead such a violent life?”
The … Prophet [Muhammad] was kind, compassionate, caring, generous, and humble, but he was also strong, brave, eloquent, wise, and insightful. … He was merciful to his family, followers, friends, and even enemies. He was merciful to the young and old, to humans and to animals. Those who persecuted him in Makkah and killed his relatives and his followers were later defeated in the battles. When they were captives under the Prophet Muhammad, he forgave them. He did not ever take revenge or retaliate. He was the most forgiving person. Even in times of war, Muhammad never allowed the killing of anyone except those involved in the fighting; he issued clear orders against the killing of civilians, including women, children, and even those who were engaged in worship of any kind. He taught his followers to observe the sanctity of all life while engaged in a just war.
…Sheikh Ahmad Kutty, a senior lecturer and Islamic scholar at the Islamic Institute of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, states the following:
…The Qur'an, the most fundamental scripture of Islam, teaches sanctity of life, not violence. It enjoins peace, justice, and compassion as basic tenets for all of humankind and condemns violence and aggression in all forms. [God enjoins justice and compassion and giving freely to the next of kin, and forbids lewdness, wickedness and oppression. He admonishes you so that you may take heed] (An-Nahl 16: 90).
In a society where human dignity was measured by race, ethnicity, color, status, and wealth, the Qur'an stressed the sacred bond of humanity binding all people. [O mankind, We have created you from a single pair of a male and female, and rendered you nations and tribes so that you might know one another. The most honorable of you in the sight of God is the one who is most conscious of Him. God is All-Knowing, All-Aware] (Al-Hujurat 49:13).
Even the concept of holy war is denounced in Islam because in Islam war can only be characterized as either just or unjust, not holy. The Qur'an permits only a just war, a war waged to remove tyranny and oppression, or in self-defense. The Qur'an is categorical in denouncing all wars of aggression.
[And fight in God's cause against those who wage war against you, but do not commit aggression — for, verily, God does not love aggressors.] (Al-Baqarah 2:190)
[Permission [to fight] is given to those against whom war is being wrongfully waged — and, verily, God has indeed the power to succor them.] (Al-Hajj 22:39)
Allah also forbids Muslims from attacking anyone who allows others to live in peace:
[Thus, if they let you be, and do not make war on you, and offer you peace, God does not allow you to harm them.] (An-Nisaa' 4:90)
[Hence, if they do not let you be, and do not offer you peace, and do not stay their hands, seize them and slay them whenever you come upon them: for it is against these that We have clearly empowered you [to make war].] (An-Nisaa' 4:91)
Muhammad, thus, took up arms only in self-defense.
Muhammad was born into a tribal society where the only bond recognized was that of the tribal bond. When he preached about the unity of God and universal brotherhood between all of humankind, the powerful members of his society violently opposed him. They subjected him and his followers to relentless persecution, even to the extent of lynching some of them. They were forced to leave Makkah to immigrate to Abyssinia and then to Madinah. Even in Madinah, he was not left alone to practice his religion. The tribes from his society rallied forces to eliminate him and his followers. Numerous attempts were even made on his life.
It was in this context that the Prophet …was called to take up arms to defend himself and his followers. While doing so, he never compromised the sacred principle of sanctity of life, as he and his followers were ordered to govern themselves by the firm ethics of just war and clearly defined rules of engagement.
In a milieu where the killing of a single camel unleashed numerous wars costing thousands of lives, Muhammad waged wars that can be described as minor skirmishes as their casualties were kept to a minimum on both sides. This is because nothing was more abhorrent to Muhammad than killing an innocent soul.
In order to better appreciate the ethics of Muhammad's wars, we may do well to compare him with the war heroes of the Old Testament. What we read there is total wars often involving putting entire populations to the sword. To cite a few instances:
In the cities of these nations whose land the Lord your God is giving you as a patrimony, you shall not leave any creature alive. You shall annihilate them — Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites, Jebusites — as the Lord your God commanded you. (Deuteronomy 20:16-17)
Go now and fall upon the Amalekites and destroy them, and put their property under ban. Spare no one; put them all to death, men and women, children and babes in arms, herds and flocks, camels, and asses. (1 Samuel 15:2-3)
After the conquest of Jericho: "They devoted the city to the Lord and destroyed with the sword every living thing in it — men and women, young and old, cattle, sheep and donkeys." (Joshua 6:21)
Contrary to the above, Muhammad never allowed the killing of anyone except those involved in the fighting; he issued clear orders against killing of civilians, including women, children, and even those who were engaged in worship of any kind. He forbade the slaughtering of animals except for food. Unlike some leaders who would order kill everything that breathed to be killed, he taught his warriors not to harm innocent living creatures. He taught his followers how to observe the sanctity of all life while engaged in a just war by narrating the story of an ancient prophet: An ant stung one of the prophets of old and in a fit of anger he ordered an entire anthill to be burned down; Allah then revealed to him, "Just because a single ant stung you, how dare you burn down an entire community which glorifies God!" (Al-Bukhari, Muslim, and Abu Dawud).
…In quoting these stories of the Old Testament, I must however rush to point out, that I am — God forbid — in no way implying that we are allowed to make a value judgment about the actions of those great heroes or prophetic figures of the past; it would be unfair on our part to judge them by our own standards and laws that have evolved over the centuries. Theirs are to be strictly studied in their own specific milieu and context and must never be extended to that of ours. As the Qur'an says: [Those are a people who have passed away; theirs was what they did, and yours is what you do.You will not be questioned about their actions] (Al-Baqarah 2: 134). Historical actions and events must be judged and analyzed contextually, and this goes for all religions as well.
Now coming back to the issue of Muhammad's wars, I must further add that it is hypocritical to consider Muhammad as a man of war when we know that countless millions have perished over the last few centuries (most of which had nothing to do with Muhammad or any other religion). Indeed millions have perished in our past "enlightened" century in the course of the two world wars and other nationalistic struggles. These include countless men, women, children, and animals who have been killed or maimed or continue to be killed or maimed as a result of the use of depleted uranium, napalm, mines, and nuclear fallout.
Indeed, millions have perished in the name of godless communism and in the pursuit of nationalism, secularism, a country's national interest, and even the pursuit of natural resources. All people of conscience should heed the prophetic witness of Muhammad, when he said, "If even a little sparrow has been killed unjustly, it will appear before the Lord of the worlds crying for justice!"(An-Nasa'i, Ad-Darami, and Ahmad)
Lord alone knows how much accounting the "civilized nations" of the world will have to render for their killing of every breathing creature in the lands invaded in the name of "democracy," "freedom," "preemption," "humanitarian intervention," and even progress. Perhaps the best way to conclude this answer would be by quoting the prophetic words of Jesus (peace be upon him): "Why do you see the speck that is in your brother's eye, but do not notice the log that is in your own eye?" (Luke 6:41-42).
And here’s a quote from this site, which gives an opposite interpretation of Muhammad’s life, in a section titled “Muhammad's Early Terrorist Acts.”
After moving to Medina, Muhammad began to have conflict with the Jews and pagans in the area. I'll focus on several incidents, not necessarily in chronological order, that illustrate Muhammad as a terrorist. The first terrorist incident involves Muhammad's command to his followers to "kill any Jew that comes under your power". From Guillaume, op cit, page 369:
"The apostle said, "Kill any Jew that falls into your power." Thereupon Muhayyisa b. Masud leapt upon Ibn Sunayna, a Jewish merchant with whom they had social and business relations, and killed him. Huwayyisa was not a Muslim at the time though he was the elder brother. When Muhayyisa killed him Huwayyisa began to beat him, saying, 'You enemy of God, did you kill him when much of the fat on your belly comes from his wealth?" Muhayyisa answered, "Had the one who ordered me to kill him ordered me to kill you I would have cut your head off."
This story is also supported in the Sunan of Abu Dawud, Book 19, Number 2996:
Narrated Muhayyisah: The Apostle of Allah said: If you gain a victory over the men of Jews, kill them. So Muhayyisah jumped over Shubaybah, a man of the Jewish merchants. He had close relations with them. He then killed him. At that time Huwayyisah (brother of Muhayyisah) had not embraced Islam. He was older than Muhayyisah. When he killed him, Huwayyisah beat him and said: O enemy of Allah, I swear by Allah, you have a good deal of fat in your belly from his property.
This murder was committed upon Muhammad's command. Note that this Muslim murderer would have killed a family member at the drop of a hat. Muhammad was no better than a bigoted criminal boss, ordering his men to wantonly murder Jewish people. Hitler did this. And, this is what the Serbs did to the Kosovan Muslims. Muhammad's command to murder Jews puts him in the same category as Milosovic, Hitler, and others who have persecuted Jews throughout history. A quote from an Islamic scholar - Wensinck writes in his, "Muhammad and the Jews of Medina" [2], page 113:
"It is remarkable that tradition attributes Muhammad's most cruel acts to divine order, namely the siege of Qaynuqa, the murder of Kab, and he attack upon Qurayzah. Allah's conscience seems to be more elastic than that of his creatures.".....Ibn Ishaq and al-Waqidi report that the prophet said the morning after the murder (of Kab Ashraf), "Kill any Jew you can lay your hands on."
This incident is also documented in Tabari's History [3], page 97 of volume 7. This shows that Muhammad had unsuspecting people, those who even had good relations with Muslims, murdered in cold blood because they were Jewish. There was no justification to murder these Jews other than they were not Muhammad's followers. These actions were the work of Muhammad's terrorists committing murder.
The second terrorist incident involves another one of Muhammad's requests: this one for his men to murder an old Jewish man named Abu Afak. Abu Afak was 120 years. Afak had urged his fellow Medinans to question Muhammad. From Guillaume, op cit., page 675:
Debates like this seem to always get lost in tons of complex historical information, the depiction of which is unverifiable with a consensus of tangible evidence that is based on stories written hundreds to thousands of years ago by people whose motives, awareness and accuracy we cannot scrutinize. So, since I can’t confirm with any degree of certainty which perspective is true, I am forced to this entire issue and cannot accept any assertions that Muhammad was evil and Muslims are supposed to be terrorists murderers. In fact, the point of view someone takes, I assert, has more to do with one’s preconceived notions and religious identity than anything else (e.g., Jews are more likely to accept the negative views and “historical evidence” of Muhammad than Muslims)
You asked where I obtained the statement that the “lesser jihad is the considered response to attack with self-defense.” It was from this link -- http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/muslims/etc/faqs.html
You then wrote: “This is not in the Koran. The fact, that this is not from Koran, allows Islam to easily remove this sophisticated concept and go with the simple understanding of the test. And they are doing just that from time to time. It is called Fundamentalism. And our victory will not be safe from another Muslim politician, who will jump in the very moment, he will think that they have a chance to destroy us.”
We probably agree that Fundamentalist/Extremist interpretations of any religion in which murder is justified is a problem (e.g., bombing abortion clinics). But this is not a condemnation of any religion, per se.
In response to my statement that Jews and Christians are "People of the Book" to Muslims -- fellow recipients of God's instructions, you wrote: “Yes, they are called Dhimmi. Learn about the life of the Dhimmi in the Muslim World as second class citizens. Your hear will rise up. Well, it is still better than to be killed during pogrom, so it was a progressive concept 1400 years ago. But come on… Modern social concepts (especially, separation of Church and State and Bill of Rights) give minorities equal rights.”
I can only wonder if Palestinians perceive that they have equal rights with Israelis. I also wonder if we in the West have ever considered Arabs and Muslims to have the same degree of worthiness and deservingness that we have … or if there’s been a tendency (even before 9/11) for the West to perceive ourselves as a superior people and denigrate Arabs & Muslims (at least in our own minds).
In response to my statement that Sheik Muawith is troubled when people like Osama bin Laden issue fatwas of their own becaise "These kind of fatwas have no basis in religion [and] anyone just issuing a fatwa like that should not be trusted. It should neither be considered the religion of Islam or the teachings of Islam" – you wrote: “He did not issue fatwa against Bin Laden [because he] knows that Osama can back his words by Mohammed’s words and deeds, while Sheik Muawith (no doubt, good person himself) has to use second-hand interpretations written by men to make Islam look peaceful.
It seems to me that ALL interpretation of religious text – be they first-hand, second-hand, whatever – are often conflicting explanations of ambiguous, nuanced, and sometimes contradictory commands, which must be interpreted to be understood. As such, I cannot consider Sheik Muawith’s interpretations any more or less valid than any other made by a knowledgeable person with a sincere belief that their perception is the correct one.
We both agree with my statement that: “Since my point is that using religious text as justification for some action is based on interpretation, that the validity of that interpretation requires understanding the authors’ minds, and that such understanding should take into account knowledge of circumstance at the time.” You then pointed out that “Jewish scholars agree, and what is important, it is part of Judaism required religious text, that these commands were executed at that time and do not apply to modern times. In Christianity and Islam, however, the historical samples of the lives of their respective role models are eternal.
Well, in this respect, Judaism seems more rational to me.
You added: “But the Role Models are very different. …What would Mohammed do? …He would establish a totalitarian theocracy, will take multiple wives and build up personal wealth from selling the war booty and ransoming captives, because this is what he did in Medina.
You seem to be insinuating that Mohammed was a greedy, self-centered person whose primary life mission was to increase his personal wealth and power through militaristic, dictatorial control of people’s behavior that he justified by creating and promoting a religious doctrine he conceived for his own selfish purposes. Would most Muslims agree with this view? I don’t think so. So, who’s right? Well, it depends who you ask. Hmmm.
Finally, in response to the three strategies I presented for dealing with terrorism, you voted for war saying: “Islam is very ‘earthy’ religion. Their achievements always meant to be in durable things – more land, bigger temples, and mightier armies. If person is killed bringing more land under Muslim control, he is a martyr. But if he is killed achieving nothing or even losing land to Jews, Christians, Inuits, he is nothing more, than a loser. …It is OK to make losers out of Muslim Fundamentalists. It is a good concept, which worked with Germany and Japan. Nazi leaders did not become German martyrs.
The problem with this logic is that we are not making Muslim Fundamentalists losers through war (see the opening post in this topic)! What we’re doing are creating more enemies, killing innocent civilians along with the Jihadists, and losing thousands of American lives. The whole notion that the cycle of hatred-violence-retaliation leads to peace has failed in Israel and in all of Middle Eastern histoary; what makes you think that the solution in current day Middle East?
And in refuting the strategy I’m proposing -- treating the Muslim masses with great dignity, respect and humanitarian aid to help them have a better, more dignified life since it’s tough to hate someone who helps you and treats you with respect—you wrote: “Israeli experience tells that it will not work. The more you give to them, the more resources they will use to destroy you. …These overly sensitive folks will consider our gestures of good will as concessions and will press for more. Another problem with your proposal – how are you going “to treat Muslim masses” if any treatment will be filtered to them by their own establishment. Current price of oil is a very nice treatment to Saudis, don’t you think? But money is pocketed by Royal Family and Saudi masses hate us more than ever. Would you willing to send US marines to distribute money among Saudis directly? They will immediately call it an aggression with all road side bombs attached to that term.
Winning hearts and minds, imo, is not just about returning a piece of Israel and throwing around billions of dollars. It’s mostly about transforming our nation’s attitudes from arrogant ridicule to humble respect, as well as helping the masses create a better life with more optimistic futures through economic opportunity. We ought to be discussing how to accomplish these virtuous goals rather than damning an entire people for the violent actions of a few and looking for violent ways to destroy them based on improvable interpretations of the Koran, for which there are completely contradictory interpretations.
Steve Beller, PhD
I assume that the 2nd [violent] cycle takes preference because of some arbitrary ruling by Muslim scholars.
IMHO, for 3 reasons
1. These Suras were given to Muslims through Mohammed by Ultimate Legislator (Allah) later. IN all legal systems if more recent law contradicts older law, older law is ignored.
2. The tradition to hold violent and empire building mode dear to Muslim hearts was started by all people who had listened to Prophet personally. Muslim scholar, who will say in 21 century (14 centuries after Mohammed’s death) that he knows what Mohammed meant better than those, who saw him, had listen to him, had eaten with him, had go into battle with him, should be very bold and credibility of such statement is very shaky.
3. Why not? This is the simplest reason, which even without the first 2 reasons will guarantee you, that at least 2% of the Muslims will dream of the battles with infidels and about all spoils of war which will go to their pocket after the victory. With about billion Muslims in the world this item alone guarantee Al Qaeda a supply of 20 millions jihadists.
You gave 2 sets of opinions – for and against peaceful nature of Islam. Before I will show you problems with particular sentences, I want to show you the major problem. If Bin Laden and Co. had hijacked peaceful Islam, then why there is no Fatwa against Bin Laden? It is because these good Muslim scholars know very well, that it is about reasonable difference of opinion within Islam. Bin Laden is well within the boundaries of good Muslim and they can not excommunicate him.
Essentially it makes their statements in English a BS design to calm you, while in Arabic their Western-tailored opinions have no basis. Now, let’s check some statements about peaceful Islam.
The Qur'an is categorical in denouncing all wars of aggression…
It was in this context that the Prophet …was called to take up arms to defend himself and his followers. While doing so, he never compromised the sacred principle of sanctity of life, as he and his followers were ordered to govern themselves by the firm ethics of just war and clearly defined rules of engagement.
Yes, this is true. There are rules of engagements, while you are conducting the war, in Islam, but there are no strict rules to start the war. As the result, good Muslims can start war with you on practically any basis.
We can not allow them to use Saria law in the Western countries, because this is, from our point of view, an alternative criminal law very different from our criminal law. But our criminal law was devised by all citizens through legal procedures of electing representatives, judges, etc. and through public and parliamentary debates. Most population in Western countries wants to hold marriage age at 21 or 18. It is in line with the modern medical findings of when women develops physically and psychologically.
Marriage of mature men with 6 year girl will be considered rape by our laws. Well, it is legal in Sharia, because of the precedent – 50 year old Mohamed took 6 year old Aisha as his wife. Now, try to arrest some Muslim geezer for such “marriage” for rape and you will offend Muslims, disrespecting their religious rights to rape that girl. Such arrest will immediately give Muslim a case for war, which in their minds will not be an aggressive war. And good Muslim doctor, who just told us about absence of aggressive wars in Islam, will find no words to condemn such war or uprising.
Legally, they have always have a reason to start a war on you. That is why, unlike Christianity and Judaism, this religion is a ticking bomb.
They subjected him and his followers to relentless persecution, even to the extent of lynching some of them. They were forced to leave Makkah to immigrate to Abyssinia and then to Madinah. Even in Madinah, he was not left alone to practice his religion.
Very touchy. That is why he was violent when he got an upper hand. Now recall, that Jesus was not threaten, but literally killed. And yet he does not advocate violence in any shape or form. He even fixed the ear of one “policemen”, which was cut off on the futile attempt to save Jesus from arrest. And he scolded his follower, who cut that ear. You can also recall all the millions of Jews killed in pogroms in various counties over last 2024 years. Yet Judaism does not make it a legal ground for killing gentile neighbors.
So, the reasons why he killed is irrelevant for us now. But the fact that because of his behavior, his modern followers have a license to kill infidels, while followers of Jesus Christ have ban on killings, is a disturbing thought about the true religion of peace.
In attempt to paint Islam as peaceful, the site, you had quoted, brings us commands to kill a specific tribe, called by name (Amalek, in this case), which does not exist today, from the Old Testament. Well, I can only agree with author, that any Amalek living today near the Jewish house have some reasons to be worried. :)
But with Islam 5 billions people have that reasons, because they all fall into a category, prescribed to be converted, killed or reduced to Dhimmi status.
Then that site describes the atrocities of Communism and Nazism. Well, I can second this opinion. These 2 aggressive totalitarian political movements are indeed younger sisters of Islam. All 3 have so much in common. And it is the true social category, where Islam belongs. It is not a religion, as we know religions.
It is very easy to draw a chart with Communism, Nazism, Islam, Christianity and you will find that Christianity is very different from 3 other similar movements.
But I also have one objection to the set of quotes you had found against Islam.
Muhammad's command to murder Jews puts him in the same category as Milosovic, Hitler, and others who have persecuted Jews throughout history.
I object to Slobodan Milosevic being listed with Hitler and Mohammed. As far as I know, over years of war crime tribunal in Hague trial, conducted with full cooperation of new Serbian government and with NATO troops on the ground in Kosovo, non of the accusations were proven. Milosevic died and tribunal wrapped up its work happy as a clam.
If we will follow “innocent until proven guilty” approach, it means all accusations against Milosevic could very wall be a big fat lie and the true war criminals will be Clinton and Albright. But it is a different topic.
We probably agree that Fundamentalist/Extremist interpretations of any religion in which murder is justified is a problem (e.g., bombing abortion clinics).
Yes, I agree. But the trick is that in some religions Fundamentalism inhabits natural human violent instincts, while in others (Islam) Fundamentalism glorify these instincts.
You seem to be insinuating that Mohammed was a greedy, self-centered person whose primary life mission was to increase his personal wealth and power through militaristic, dictatorial control of people’s behavior that he justified by creating and promoting a religious doctrine he conceived for his own selfish purposes.
Well, it does not matter if he was a wonderful guy. What is matter is that he did things, which match the description of
a self-centered person whose primary life mission was to increase his personal wealth and power through militaristic, dictatorial control of people’s behavior that he justified by creating and promoting a religious doctrine he conceived for his own selfish purposes
. His biography fits a profile of a war criminal.Adolf Hitler was a vegetarian, because he loved animals. It does not make him a suitable role model for young Germans.
Also, t does not matter how selfish is the person, who will decide to repeat Mohammed’s achievements by throwing all non-Muslims into ghettos and conversion/extermination camps.
Would most Muslims agree with this view?
Since I am looking not at some secret ancient scroll of questionable origin, but at the well known, widely accepted and mandatory for Muslims biography of the Prophet Mohammed, all Muslims will agree with every little fact, but they will try to spin the obvious conclusions.
I will say that Mohammed at the age of 50 took a 6 year old girl as his wife and therefore he is a rapist-pedophile by any modern definition in all but Muslim countries.
Muslims will agree, that Aisha was a little girl, but they will argue that Aisha could be not six, but seven years old (like it makes a shred of difference), and that Mohammed did it not out of lust, but out of his big all-carrying heart (ha, try this defense in court if you are accused of raping a minor).
Or take another example. I will say that Mohammed killed all Jews in Medina and this shows him being a murderer, and considering that Jewish tribes represented the only viable opposition to his emergence as a sole ruler of the state (Medina), it makes him a totalitarian dictator. Muslims will agree, that Mohammed killed the Jews and that he became a sole ruler of the Medina, but will argue that it was an order from Allah passed via angel, that these Jews were no good persons anyway and the similar Nazi-stile excuses for killing Jews. Then they proceed, that this killing does not make him a killer. Try this in court – I killed him, but I am not a killer.
The problem with this logic is that we are not making Muslim Fundamentalists losers through war (see the opening post in this topic)! What we’re doing are creating more enemies, killing innocent civilians along with the Jihadists, and losing thousands of American lives.
Never say never. It had been proven by Turks, that Middle East can be completely pacified through violence. Arabs behaved for centuries and regarded their own rebels smashed by Turkish forces as idiots and losers. There were no martyrs.
I can only wonder if Palestinians perceive that they have equal rights with Israelis.
Arab Israeli citizens have the same rights as Jewish Israeli citizens. Check this out: Arab language is the second state language in the Israel, alongside Hebrew. Palestinians are foreigners for Israel and on that basis they can not have equal rights as Israeli citizens. Spaniards do not have the same rights in US as US citizens. Spaniards have no problem with this fact. Jews do not have the same rights in Jordan, as Jordanian citizens. It does not propmt Jews to blow up some Jordanian pizza restaurants.
I also wonder if we in the West have ever considered Arabs and Muslims to have the same degree of worthiness and deservingness that we have
It is a nice, but shallow accusation. How many Muslim Americans were arrested for being Muslim, were denied public benefits for being Muslims, were denied US passport (rights to travel abroad) for being Muslims?
If you are not aware of such facts of US government and society mistreating Muslims, than how do you want you and me to express our infinite love to each and every Muslim in US? Should we kiss their behinds? Should we build a Mosque in Congress, where Church is not allowed?
Nobody had kissed my behind when I immigrated to USA and I do not consider it a problem. After due naturalization process, I am happy to be a full right citizen of this great country.
Why Muslims are upset? They do not like to be associated with Al-Qaeda? Well, I saw quite a few Muslim demonstrations for Al-Qaeda (luckily for them, not in US) and against US. But I do not recall a single Muslim demonstration against Al Qaeda even in US. What is the matter? Are mosques having hard time convincing good Muslims that Bin Laden is not associated with them? Do they try to dissociate good Muslims from Al Qaeda?
The whole notion that the cycle of hatred-violence-retaliation leads to peace has failed in Israel and in all of Middle Eastern history; what makes you think that the solution in current day Middle East?
The problem is not in excessive Israeli violence, but in the too soft responses to Palestinian violence.
Read something about Black September (you can use any other references to that event). In one year Jordanian forces decimated Palestinians, camps were overrun by tanks, thousands of civilians were killed in one battle, tens of thousands were deported from Jordan with their families and Palestinians behave in Jordan since 1970. Israel could achieve the same long lasting peace with all of its neighbors if it would stop worrying about Palestinian casualties.
Shelym, you have deep knowledge of religious doctrine and a strong perspective on how it should be interpreted and related history be explained. I respect your points of view. Unfortunately, I am not prepared to validate or invalidate the fine details of your refutations of Muslim scholars; that would require a lengthy debate between and a variety of Muslim scholars who disagree with the case you make. All I know is that there is a polarity of views and justifications from different sides, which confirms to me that there is great ambiguity and nuance in religious text and recount of history and that is why there is so much difference of opinion.
In fact, the only common thread I have seen in all religions is that God stands for unity, love and compassion.
That said, I would like to discuss the following.
One issue is you insinuation that the Koran, through Muhammad, condones war with anyone for any reason in order for Muslims to steal other people’s wealth and property for their own selfish gains through murderous violence. I still don’t know where it says this in the Koran. If I misunderstood your point, please clarify.
You also argue that a strategy of violence begetting violence is the best way to deal with terrorism (as exemplified by the Turks). This position runs completely counter to the claims of the experts I quoted in the initial post of this topic.
I, on the other hand, argue that it would be much more wise for us to focus on increasing unity, love and compassion between the non-extremist/non-fundamentalist peoples of the Middle East and West (and rest of the humanity) by showing the world that our nation is built on a strong, humble and virtuous society that seeks to create a better world for all peoples through humanitarianism and defense of human rights. This path, I assert, would begin to win hearts and minds and lead toward peace. I assume that this is what God actually prefers. Please explain why you disagree.
One last question: If you put yourself in the shoes of a Palestinian, what would be your grounds for asserting that it is wrong for you (a Palestinian) to be considered a foreigner of Israel who cannot have equal rights?
Steve Beller, PhD
you have deep knowledge of religious doctrine and a strong perspective on how it should be interpreted
The irony, you injected in that sentence is appreciated. :)
that would require a lengthy debate between and a variety of Muslim scholars who disagree with the case you make.
Well, these scholars with opposite point of view are harder to find in the Muslim world, than it was in 1942 to find a German bureaucrat who opposes official Nazi party line.
And the few who exists sound louder with every success of US militaries and quieter with every set back to US military efforts (very similar to anti-Nazi voices in Germany growing stronger with each successful bombing mission of Allies’ Air forces over German towns).
the only common thread I have seen in all religions is that God stands for unity, love and compassion.
Really? Try to tell Muslim scholars that Allah loves unbelievers and wants Muslims to unite with them. Frankly, even Jewish scholars will be shocked with that assertion. But when Jews will find that point of view just extremely funny, Muslims can consider it a blasphemy and with Muslims you should have a gateway car ready to save your life. Only most (not all) Christian scholars will agree that it is a position of their religion.
So, do not try that at home. :)
the Koran, through Muhammad, condones war with anyone for any reason in order for Muslims to steal other people’s wealth and property for their own selfish gains through murderous violence.
Koran condones what Mohammed did without limiting his actions historically and geographically by naming particular now extinct tribes. Mohammed fought unbelievers (infidels) first and Jews second. It paints big target on the backs of 80% of the modern World’s population. Violence against us is sanctioned in advance. I do not like to walk around with target on my back.
You also argue that a strategy of violence begetting violence (?) is the best way to deal with terrorism
I argue, that firm actions, smashing people raised under totalitarian ideology strived for aggression makes pacifists out of them. Arabs were peaceful under Turks for centuries, German and Japanese became peaceful after relentless bombing campaigns without ACLU questioning how many German civilians were hit by each particular bomb. It works! It is proven to work!
So, violence did not beget violence at all. It begets peace for generations.
I, on the other hand, argue that it would be much more wise for us to focus on increasing unity, love and compassion between the non-extremist/non-fundamentalist peoples of the Middle East and West (and rest of the humanity) by showing the world that our nation is built on a strong, humble and virtuous society that seeks to create a better world for all peoples through humanitarianism and defense of human rights. This path, I assert, would begin to win hearts and minds and lead toward peace. I assume that this is what God actually prefers. Please explain why you disagree.
I disagree because it would be a very dangerous experiment to treat aggressive regimes/parties/ideology with love and understanding. Munich 1936 was a sample of love and understanding showered upon Germany. It caused WWII with about 50 million people killed, while strong actions (Churchill approach) could bring peace at the cost of 10000 dead, most of which would be Germans.
Love will be taken as a sign of your weakness and enemies will be emboldened.
And BTW, you approach was actually tried by Clinton’s Administration for 8 years. US pressed Israel into concessions to Palestinians. US fought in Kosovo on the side of our natural enemies (Muslims) against our natural allies and real allies in 2 world wars (Serbians). US deliberately ignored all Muslim terrorists strikes, telling everybody and itself about few bad apples among overall friendly Muslims. What did you approach implemented by Clinton gave us? It gave us 9/11/2001.
And you want us to try again and to see what will these smarties blow in New-York, Chicago or San-Francisco the next time?
I kind of like the situation when there are no terrorist acts on the American soil since 9/11. Apparently, when they are busy in Iraq and Afghanistan, they have problems blow us up here.
If you put yourself in the shoes of a Palestinian, what would be your grounds for asserting that it is wrong for you (a Palestinian) to be considered a foreigner of Israel who cannot have equal rights?
This is a good question on so many levels.
As I told you, Spaniards or Ethiopians do not have equal rights in US with US citizens. And it is not causing Spaniards or Ethiopians to blow themselves up in NY restaurants. You can say, well, they got their own countries, where they can set any rules they like, while Palestinians do not have their country.
Well, let’s start from there then. If I would be a Palestinian, I would desperately want my own country and I would be upset with those, who does not allow me to have it. But I will not use violence against neighbors (Israelis, Lebanese, Jordanians, Egyptians), figuring out, that the less they will feel threaten by me, the more likely they will agree on having Palestinian state as neighbor.
BTW, please, note, that Palestinians presently are considered being violent and dangerous not only by Israel, but by Lebanon, Jordan and Egypt as well. And they are treated as second class citizens in these 3 Arab countries. Just last month Lebanese Army had stormed Palestinian refugee camp killing terrorists, criminals and just bystanders.
Also I would strongly demand from my Palestinian leadership to take any offer and to use any opportunity to proclaim independency in any borders.
And I would have my independent Palestine since 1948, when UN resolution called for 2 states created in Palestine to the West of the Jordan river. Peaceful Palestine, mind you. Jews took the offer, but Palestinians took the sword.
Suppose it did not work out that time due to the lack of Palestinian homegrown leadership.
Well, in this case I would have my Palestinian state from Jordan and/or Egypt during 19 years (1948 – 1967) when Jordan and Egypt occupied territories allocated by UN for Arab state in Palestine.
In reality, Palestinians did not even peep against Jordanian and Egyptian occupation of their land.
If 19 years would not be enough, I would raise my voice in 1967, when Israel took Palestinian territories in a defensive war and immediately offered them back to Arabs in exchange for peace treaty with neighbors. I would demand, that Egyptians (their President, Gamal Abdel Nasser, said a firm NO to that Israeli offer) would start negotiations with Israel and allow Palestine to be created on that repossessed land.
But if I I would have a really bad luck and that opportunity would not work as well, I would have my forth opportunity in Summer 2024, when Clinton (USA) and Barak (Israel) offered Arafat (I would not make that terrorist killer my political leader, to begin with) to proclaim an independent Palestinian State.
In reality, Arafat had started war on Israel in response to the offer.
As you see, as Palestinian, unsatisfied with the case, when I do not have my own state, I would have at least 4 opportunities to have my state.
Palestinians blew them all and they continue to blow any new opportunity to establish themselves as a reasonable non-aggressive neighbor to all countries in the region.
Note also, that you question is much less rhetoric as you might think. It is easy for me to step into Palestinian shoes (not having their state, being second class citizens everywhere) then you think. And the reason is simple. These are the shoes of my own people for the last 2024 years. These are the Jewish shoes.
And answers I gave to you were practical answers Jews would take. With so many opportunities to create their long wanted State coming their way, they would have it a long time ago. In 1920s they were promised by League of Nation and Great Britten what is today Israel, Palestinian territories and Jordan. In 1948 Jews took anything UN gave them (roughly 15% of the original plan). But who is counting, when 2024 year old dream of having Jewish State is about to come true.
Judging by Palestinian behaviors, they do not want their own State. They want to continue to kill Jews. So, if your solution for their problems does not include killing Jews, they will not be interested.
Another excellent rebuttal, shleym; I’ve come to expect nothing less from you : )
Here’s my understanding of one key point you’ve made throughout your response: The vast majority of Muslims believe that God commands them to kill non-Muslims because God gets furious at Muslims if they aren’t blood-thirsty murders. The reason they believe this is because they have been indoctrinated by Muslim extremists to accept interpretations of Islam in which God commands them to be warriors like Mohammed was. This means it is their “calling” to kill those who don’t worship the Koran. So, the only way to defeat terrorism is for the US to control the Muslim world through the only thing Muslim’s understand and appreciate: Deadly Force.
Compassion and humanitarianism, on the other hand, will never work because virtually every Muslim in the world views acts of love and kindness as signs of weakness, which only emboldens them and encourages them to kill those who treat them kindly and with dignity. So, the only way to stop terrorism is through fear (intimidation, threat, revenge, terror); that’s the only thing to which Muslims respond (diplomatic acts of kindness never worked), and that’s the way it will always be. Trying love and understanding it just too dangerous; war is much better. After all, most Muslims are no different than Nazis in many ways. I hope I accurately reflected you position, shleym.
As far a Palestinians are concerned, your point appears to be that they just want to keep killing Jews until they can take over Israeli territories for themselves. This is why you believe there is no other way to deal with them except kill them before they kill more innocent Israelis.
Hmmm. Stop terror with terror. Stop killing by killing. End hatred with hatred. Why? Because treating Muslims with love, dignity and understanding is just too dangerous! Hmmm. It’s the old “eye for an eye and a tooth for tooth” mentality, which has perpetuated eons of hatred and revenge. How is that better than “turn the other cheek” and “hold out a helping hand,” i.e., move beyond resentments of the past and focus on creating a better future for all through positive, pro-social strategies? I know what some will say: “You turn the other cheek and it’s just going to be slapped...You hold out a helping hand and it’s going to be cut off.” Something is terribly wrong here!
I’m left wondering what God really wants. If you look beneath all the history, doctrine, and interpretations, what would be God’s most fundamental message to Christians, Muslims and Jews. I’d be shocked and dismayed if that message is: “I command that you destroy all peoples who don’t believe in your interpretations of your Bibles!” So, I have great difficulty accepting any such beliefs, and I suggest that everyone reject them as well.
Instead, the most rational perspective, imo, is that God wants humanity to survive, and that love (compassion, understanding, acceptance, appreciation of diversity, humility, honesty, etc.) is the path God wants us to follow. Sadly, humankind tends not to see it this way. Why? I believe it’s because a person’s quality of life and prospects for the future have a lot to do with where one focuses one’s attention, how one interprets religious writings, and the way one acts. This psychological aspect of human nature, I assert, underlies everything we’ve been discussing and to ignore it perpetuates the problems we’re having.
My point is, people are unlikely to be persuaded by religious interpretations of radical extremists preaching hatred and violence if they:
So, if people truly believe that someone has their best interest at heart, treats them with humility and respect, and offers to help them have a better life through acts of kindness and support, they are much more likely to embrace the person as a friend; they are unlikely to perceive the person’s good will as a sign of weakness and try to kill him. That’s just human nature. There’s nothing mystical about this.
I would agree, however, that there are few people from all nationalities, religions, and ethnicities who have a wonderful life and a bright future, but try to “bite the hand that helps them” despite the kind way they are treated. These people have psychological problems, which may cause them to view kindness as weakness. They may even try to take advantage of those perceived weaknesses due to their disturbed thoughts and emotions. However, they are not following God’s commands (even if they truly believe God is speaking directly to them). It’s a disturbance of the human psyche; it is not a religious issue.
I think your insistence that most Muslims are horrible animals stems from a long history of conflict between Arabs and Jews. Many Jews have been taught from childhood that Arabs and Muslims are evil, and visa versa. With such prejudices, it’s very tough to stand back and view the situation objectively, with an open mind, and devoid of strong emotion. But essential ingredients of peace are objectivity and open mindedness, as well as a deep understanding of human nature, i.e., why we focus on the things we do, believe the things we do, feel the way do, and act the way we do.
So here we are today. Many Jews have been conditioned their entire lives to respond to the word “Arab” or “Muslim” with gut-wrenching animosity and distrust. And many Arabs and Muslims respond to the word “Jew” in a similar way. But these negative emotional reactions, and the historical and religious justification for such feelings, ought not to dictate US foreign policy about how to deal with terrorism and the Middle East. Instead, finding ways for all sides to have decent lives and futures is what’s most important. The eye-for-an-eye mentality will just continue to blind us with vengeful hatred on both sides! Well, that’s my opinion at least.
Steve Beller, PhD
Here’s my understanding of one key point you’ve made throughout your response: The vast majority of Muslims believe that God commands them to kill non-Muslims because…
This paragraph needs some correction. Allah commands them to make all people submitted to Sharia. It does include killing the stubborn ones, but first they will try to convert you to Islam using economical pressure and that threat of violence. They will be satisfied if Christians and Jews will obey their Sharia (become a second class citizens) and pay additional taxes (Zimmi must pay dzhizya (? spelling)).
But somehow, in 21 century, I doubt that you will be a happy Zimmi. I know, I will not.
most Muslims are no different than Nazis in many ways.
And again, it is close to my statement, but stretching it too far. Let me clarify… Islam is not much different from Nazi ideology. But most Muslims are no different from most Germans living in Germany under Nazi rule. They had to be fought at that time and there were no way avoid that fight with kind treatment or concessions of good will shown to Germany, but when Nazi ideology was destroyed by force, Germans became a wonderful people and a great peaceful neighbors, modern Poland and France enjoys.
Muslims (members of Islamic Umma) also could be a great people, after Umma will be broken or drastically reformed (Koran and Hadises should be thoroughly commented and that commentaries should became an immanent part of the religious law). And you can not make them to modernized Koran without tough force.
As far a Palestinians are concerned, your point appears to be that they just want to keep killing Jews until they can take over Israeli territories for themselves.
I had demonstrated to you at least 4 junction points in Palestinian history (since 1948), when they could have their own state. How else will you interpret their unwillingness to use these opportunities? How else you will interpret the fact, that when Israel made Gaza free of Jews as a good will gesture right before their elections, they voted for terrorist organization Hamas, which promises to give them whole Israel by force, not for the more moderate guys, who showed willingness to negotiate with Israel on peaceful acquiring more territories for Palestinian state?
This is why you believe there is no other way to deal with them except kill them before they kill more innocent Israelis.
I did not say “kill”. They could be relocated outside of present Israeli border into a friendly Arab countries mare 30 miles away. Nansen got Nobel Prize for relocating Greeks and Turks in 1920s. It saved thousand of innocent Greek and Turkish lives. What is wrong with using the same proven approach to another ethnic and religious conflict?
It’s the old “eye for an eye and a tooth for tooth” mentality, which has perpetuated eons of hatred and revenge.
Not exactly, it also brought us our current civilization out of small defenseless tribes of mammoth hunters. This thought alone suggests that there must be some sense in that approach.
Well, unfortunately for us both, it is still the only way, which works with totalitarian ideologies. You will crash them or they will crash you. If you are in the mood for a little experiment, pick some country you do not care about (almost quote from Bismarck :) ). Only if that experiment succeed (and it will be first experiment in history of mankind), you can use it for USA.
My point is, people are unlikely to be persuaded by religious interpretations of radical extremists preaching hatred and violence if they… That’s just human nature.
Well, it did not work with Nazi Germany, did it? I bet, it does not work with any totalitarian ideology. And this is indeed a human nature. I can elaborate more on that topic, but it would be boring general psychology lesson.
It’s a disturbance of the human psyche; it is not a religious issue.
It is ideological issue (ideology should be smashed) if ideology promotes such behavior and it is indeed psyche issue (routine police and psychiatric treatment of criminals) only when ideology suppresses such behavior. Islam promotes it. Christianity suppresses it.
I think your insistence that
most Muslims are horrible animals stems
(??? I never said that, see my clarifications above; I had said that Islam is a totalitarian ideology) from a long history of conflict between Arabs and Jews.Well, there was also a long history of positive relations between Arabs (and Muslims) and Jews. Muslim Umma saved lots of Jews from being brutally killed in the Christian Europe. Also, last Holocaust, as you can recall had occurred not in the Arab countries at all. I am more objective than you think and I am stating cold facts. Choice between Sharia and Nazi extermination camps makes Sharia look not so bad. It is bad only comparing with modern tradition of equality and human rights.
Many Jews have been taught from childhood that Arabs and Muslims are evil
You are factually incorrect there. It is like saying that US kids are taught from childhood that American Indians are evil. Such propaganda will not stand a day in US. Israeli Jewish children are deliberately taught to respect Muslims in a modern politically correct fashion. Arabs are their fellow co-citizens. Arabs vote the same way Jews vote there. Arab language is one of the 2 official languages in the Israel. Beating Arab is punished as the hate crime, while beating Jews is just a regular criminal case.
finding ways for all sides to have decent lives and futures is what’s most important.
In case of imperialistic Japan the way was found through relentless bombing campaign with 2 atomic bombs on tom of it all. And the results are very encouraging – peaceful, friendly and economically advanced Japan.
What was wrong with that approach?
We seem to agree that much of the problem can be boiled down to ideology (belief) about who's good, who's bad, who's deserving and who's not, as well as the particular historical events and biblical passages people chose to focus on (pay attention to).
Some of the beliefs are based on interpretations of religious text, of which there are often (if not always) conflicting interpretations by different individuals or groups. Other beliefs come from societal/cultural teachings and personal observations. And a person's attention (focus) is often directed at those things that generate strong emotions. So, if a person is fearful or angry at some group, they are likely to focus on the negative things they do and believe (think) negative things about them, and visa versa, which tend to perpetuate the same thoughts and feelings.
It is this combination of focus and beliefs that determines a person's actions--be they compassionate or hostile. This is just the way human beings are built and how our minds work.
So, to break the cycle of negative focus, beliefs and actions, I've been recommend a shift of focus and change of beliefs. As Christina Curtis said in another topic, education is key. That is, educate those who hate us that the most Americans are decent folk, even though our government often makes very bad decisions, which end up making us look bad. I contend that the best way to education the Arab/Muslim masses is through humanitarian aid delivered humbly and compassionately, along with the removal or destruction of those who try to prevent us from doing good deeds.
Dismissing my humanist strategy in favor of destruction, by referencing the Nazis and Japanese of WWII, falls flat because the Muslim extremists warriors are not part of a nation that can be bombed into submission. Their multinational “cellular” structure and residence among Muslim moderate civilians means we must have a different way of dealing with them. Bombing the entire Muslim world to rid our planet of extremism is just silly. And equally unrealistic is surrounding the Muslim world with a big wall.
Furthermore, there is great diversity among Muslims and Arabs and, as John often says, we shouldn’t paint them all with one brush-stroke. There are Arabs who aren’t Muslim. There are Muslims who aren’t Arabs. There are Arabs who are Israeli citizens. There are Jews who aren’t Zionists. There are Zionists who aren’t Jews. There are even anti-Zionist Jews (Neturei Karta). There are Muslims who hate America. There are Muslims who love and live in America. And there are extremists and moderates in all these groups. So, I focus figuring out how to minimize the influence of extremists from all groups and nations, and even incite the moderates of each group to reject the extremists among them.
With all this complexity and diversity, and with consideration of human nature, I continue to assert that guns and bombs are not the answer!
Steve Beller, PhD
You wrote: Christianity violence is an aberration from the teaching, while in Islam violence is at the core of the religious Holly texts and doctrine.
Here's a quote from a very interesting web site--The meaning of War in Islam & Christianity in which the author argues "that religious wars have no reason of existence, and are justified only by false interpretation of the religious books, and also by man who in their quest to attain power use religious fundamentalism as a way to attain such means." He makes a convincing case that: "If we label Islam as being a violent religion then we must look back at the Crusades and the violence that resulted from it; after all if we are too look at specific events and mentalities to define a religion then Christianity could be said to be a violent religion as well."
And check out my new post here -> http://unity08.com/node/1830#
Steve Beller, PhD
Yes, it is rubbish and can be easily dismissed. I hope, not all of your sources of information about Islam, Judaism, Christianity and modern Middle East such intellectually shallow, biased and plainly dishonest.
Site compares basic principal of Islam straight from the Koran and Suna with the aberration of Christianity, which was neither in the Scriptures, nor in the minds of early Christians of 1st - 3rd centuries AD, nor in the minds of modern Christian Fundamentalists.
Site makes a big deal out of Israeli-Arab conflict in which about 10 thousand died over 40 year period. At the same time, it finds Iran-Iraq war (Sunni-Shia, btw) with 1 million dead over 3 years not even worth mentioning.
And if it comes to Israel, 20% of non-Jewish Israeli citizens are not mentionned as a sample of coexistence and tolerance of the Judeo-Christian Civilization.
It looks like a paper from 3-rd middle school freshman to me.
I am surprised, that person with PhD could recommend it to anybody as a serious reading.
Be more careful with picking up your sources.
shleym2007 - Please see this link for my reply to your last two posts.
Steve Beller, PhD
And Islam DOES look back at the Crusades.